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1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 1 > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Which vitamins are fat soluble?

A

A, D, E, K

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2
Q

Which vitamins are water soluble?

A

B, C

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3
Q

What is vitamin A called?

A

Retinol `

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4
Q

What are D vitamins called?

A

Calciferols

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5
Q

What are the E vitamins called?

A

Tocopherols

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6
Q

What are the K vitamins called?

A

Quinones

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7
Q

What is vitamin B1 called?

A

Thiamin

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8
Q

What is vitamin B2 called?

A

Riboflavin

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9
Q

What is vitamin B3 called?

A

Nicotinic acid

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10
Q

What is vitamin B5 called?

A

Pantothenic acid

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11
Q

What is vitamin B6 called?

A

Pyridoxine

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12
Q

What is vitamin B7 called?

A

Biotin

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13
Q

What is vitamin B9 called?

A

Folic acid

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14
Q

What is vitamin B12 called?

A

Cyanocobalamin

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15
Q

What is vitamin C called?

A

Ascorbic acid

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16
Q

What are provitamins?

A

Compounds that become vitamins after undergoing a chemical reaction

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17
Q

What happened to B4/B8/B10/B11?

A

All turned out to be same as the other vitamins discovered

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18
Q

How are vitamins destroyed?

A

Oxidation by heat/light/iron

19
Q

What is avitaminosis?

A

A total absence of a vitamin

20
Q

What is it called if there is too much or too little of a vitamin?

A

Hypervitaminosis or hypovitaminosis

21
Q

What are the metabolic functions of retinol?

A

Retinal function
Formation of epithelial and mucous membranes
Bone growth
Immunity

22
Q

Vitamin does not need to be supplied daily as it is stored in the body. Where is vitamin A stored?

A

Liver

23
Q

The provitamin of retinol is B carotene. What are sources of B carotene?

A

Plants

Grass

24
Q

What are the sources of retinol?

A

Cod liver oil
Milk fat
Egg yolk

25
Q

What does hypervitaminosis of retinol cause?

A

Lameness
Weight loss
Poor coat

26
Q

What are the symptoms of hypovitaminosis of retinol?

A

Scurvy
Scaly skin
Night blindness

27
Q

What are the metabolic function of calciferols?

A

Promote calcium ion absorption in the lumen

Regulate calcium and phosphorus

28
Q

What are sources of calciferols?

A

Egg yolk
Fish oil
Colostrum
Sunlight

29
Q

What are the results of calciferols deficiencies?

A

Rickets (weak bones)
Osteomalacia
Poor eggs

30
Q

Vitamin E has little reserves in the body so is provided by diet. What foods are good sources of tocopherols?

A

Grass/vegetables

Cereals

31
Q

What are the function of tocopherols?

A

Biological antioxidant
Reproductive function
Muscle and capillary integrity

32
Q

A deficiency in tocopherols causes what?

A

Cardiac disease
Brain damage
Lameness has
Myopathy (muscles do not function)

33
Q

What are sources of quinones?

A

Greens
Egg yolk
Liver fish
Gut bacteria

34
Q

What are the metabolic functions of quinones?

A

Clotting of blood

Bone and kidney function

35
Q

What are signs of quinones deficiency?

A

Delayed blood clotting

Anaemia

36
Q

What are the functions of B vitamins?

A

Pathway of cellular respiration
Pathway of energy transfer
Co-enzymes

37
Q

What are sources of vitamin B?

A

Liver
Yeast
Greens
Cereals

38
Q

What does thiamin do? What happens if there is a deficiency?

A

B1 Initiate nerve impulses

Paralysis, blindness, CCN

39
Q

What does riboflavin do? What happens if there is a deficiency?

A

B2 Oxidative phosphorylation and proton transport

Poor appetite, growth and vomiting

40
Q

What happens if there is a deficiency in pyridoxine? Why is this rare?

A

B6 Neural degeneration and jerky gait

It is found in milk

41
Q

What is the function of cyanocobalamin? What are the signs of a deficiency in young animals?

A

B12
Coenzyme in respiration
Poor growth

42
Q

What is the function of ascorbic acid?

A

Collagen formation
Antioxidant
Metabolic redox

43
Q

Most animals can synthesise ascorbic acid. Which animals cannot?

A

Primates
Guinea pigs
Fruit bats

44
Q

What does a deficiency in ascorbic acid cause?

A 
Scurvy
Muscle joint pain
Weight loss
Red dots on skin 
Diarrhoea

1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 1 (54 decks)

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