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Year 4 > Bovine Derm > Flashcards

Bovine Derm Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hygroma?

A

Localised swelling of soft tissues, usually around carpus

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2
Q

Where are you more likely to see lice on a cow?

A

Back and neck,+/- pruritus

Look for lice and eggs

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3
Q

How do you treat lice?

A

Ivermectins, permethrins

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4
Q

How do you prevent flies?

A

Permethrins (eg impregnated tags/pour-ons)

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5
Q

How do you diagnose mange?

A

Skin scrape

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6
Q

Which kind of cattle are you more likely to see chorioptic mange in?
Where are the lesions located?
What are the clinical signs?

A
  • Housed cattle, winter
  • Tail head lesions, udder
  • Pruritus, erythema, crusts, rubbing
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7
Q

How do you treat chorioptic mange?

A

Ivermectins (check milk withhold)

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8
Q

How do you treat psoroptic mange?

A

NOT IVERMECTINS

4% permethrin pour-on

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9
Q

Ringworm is usually seen in what age of cows?

A
  • Calves (housed), esp on head

- Grey, crusty lesions

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10
Q

What causes ringworm?

A

Trichophyton verrucosum

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11
Q

How do you treat ringworm?

A

Enilconazole
Turn out
Treat any underlying husbandry conditions/diseases

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12
Q

How do you treat Dermatophillus congolensis (rainscald)?

A

Penicillin, oxytetracycline

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13
Q

What causes ‘Wooden Tongue’?

What skin lesions would you see?

A
  • Actinobacillus
  • Abscessation and fistulation
  • Granulomatous lesions
  • Especially on head and LNs; abscessation of tongue and swelling of ventral jaw
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14
Q

How do you treat Actinobacillus (‘Wooden Tongue’)?

A
  • Antibiotics (pen/strep, oxytet)

- Potassium iodide (drench or iv, not licensed)

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15
Q

Where is cellulitis usually seen?

What is it usually caused by?

A

Head and neck, gross swelling

Staphs and Clostridia

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16
Q

How do you treat cellulitis?

A

Antibiotics

17
Q

A deficiency in what causes a brown tinge to the hair coat?

A

Copper

18
Q

What causes a popliteal abscess?

A

Ascending infection from foot

19
Q

What is Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia?

A
  • ‘Blood sweating disease’
  • Newborn to 4 weeks old
  • Bleeding from orifices, injection sites, skin, internal haemorrhages
  • Bone marrow and blood changes eg pale mm (aplastic anemia)
20
Q

How is lumpy skin disease transmitted?

A

Biting flies, ticks, needles

21
Q

What are the clinical signs of lumpy skin disease?

A
  • Fever
  • Skin nodules, erosions
  • Enlarged LNs
  • Nasal discharge
  • Mastitis
  • Emaciation
22
Q

Why may a cow have pelvic/upper HL or ‘neck rub’ skin injuries?

A

Poor cubicle design (and feed barrier position in the case of neck rub)

23
Q

What do flies transmit?

A 
Summer Mastitis (Trueperella pyogenes, Strep dysgalactiae)
New Forest Eye (Moraxella bovis)
24
Q

Give the clinical signs of sarcoptic mange

A

Intense pruritus
Alopecia, crusting, thickening of skin
Head, neck, shoulders
Zoonotic

25
Q

Give the clinical signs of psoroptic mange

A

Intense pruritus
Bloody, crusty lesions on shoulders and tail head, hair loss, skin thickening
Weight loss, death

26
Q

What causes impetigo and where is it usually seen?

A

Pustular staph infection

Udder and perineum

27
Q

Where are lesions seen with Dermatophillus congolensis?

A

Crusts on back and udder
‘Rain scald’
Wet conditions, uncommon

28
Q

How do you diagnose Dermatophillus congolensis?

A

Smear and methylene blue stain

29
Q

What causes primary and secondary photosensitisation?

A

Primary: photodynamic agents in diet
Secondary: hepatic damage

30
Q

How does urticaria often present?

A

Sudden onset oedema of vulva

31
Q

How do you treat urticaria?

A

Anti-histamines, corticosteroids

Resolves spontaneously

32
Q

What age of cows are affected by warts (papilloma virus)?

Do you need to treat?

A

Young animals

Resolve spontaneously

33
Q

What should you do if you see a haematoma on a cow?

A

Leave it! Will resolve spontaneously

34
Q

What causes pseudocowpox?

Where are lesions seen and what do they look like?

A

Parapox virus

Vesicules and pustules on teats -> horseshoe-shaped lesions

35
Q

How do you treat pseudocowpox?

A

No specific treatment, may resolve and recur

36
Q

What is ‘Blackspot’ and what causes it?

A

Necrotic lesion around teat ends

Caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum

37
Q

Describe the appearance and treatment of Bovine Papular Stomatitis

A

Small red papules on muzzle and lips

No tx necessary

38
Q

Describe intertrigo

A

Eczematous dermatitis in between the two sides of the udder/between the udder and thighs, as a result of constant rubbing
Usually 2-4 weeks post-calving
Affected skin is inflamed, painful, offensive smell, congealed serous material
Tx: antiseptic soap, local steroid cream

Year 4 (51 decks)

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