Goats

Question 1

Why are commercial dairy goats housed all year round?

Answer 1

Goats don’t produce age-related resistance to parasitic roundworms eg PGE (unlike sheep and cattle)

Question 2

Which are the 2 primary species of Clostridial disease that affect goats?

Answer 2

Struck (C. perfringens type C)
Lamb dysentry (C. perfringens type B)

Question 3

What are the clinical signs of clostridial disease?

Answer 3

Per-acute: rapid death

Sub-acute: profuse scour +/- dysentry (often with blood and mucous)

Question 4

Give 3 trigger factors for Clostridial disease

Answer 4

Acidosis (over-feeding cereals or compounds)
Sudden change in diet
Stress

Question 5

How do you treat clostridial disease?

Answer 5

IV/oral fluids
NSAIDs
Analgesics
Charcoal/bismuth 
ie symptomatic treatment

Question 6

How do you prevent clostridial disease?

Answer 6

Lambivac (4 in 1 vaccine)

Question 7

Give 2 differential diagnoses for diarrhoea in goats

Answer 7

PGE

Enterotoxaemia (C. perfringens)

Question 8

Give some clinical signs of listeriosis

Answer 8

Abortion
Encephalitis
Septicaemia and sudden death

Question 9

How do you treat listeriosis?

Answer 9

Antibiotics (potentiated sulphonamides)
NSAIDs
Fluids
Nursing

Question 10

What is the source of infection of listeriosis?

Answer 10

Water

Question 11

What kind of virus is Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)?

Answer 11

Lentivirus

Question 12

Give some clinical signs of caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE)

Answer 12

Swollen joints (carpal joint)
Indurative mastitis (affected quarter is  fibrosed, shrinks back)
Non-specific weight loss

Question 13

How do you control CAE (caprine arthritis encephalitis)?

Answer 13

Test and cull (no vaccine or treatment)

Question 14

Give the clinical signs of Johne’s disease

Answer 14

Poor milk yield
Wasting
Anaemia
(Faeces is unchanged)

Pathology: thickening of ileal walls, large mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 15

How do you diagnose Johne’s disease?

Answer 15

Ziehl-Neelsen staining of faeces

Question 16

How do you control Johne’s disease?

Answer 16

Gudair vaccine

Question 17

What causes caseous lymphadenitis?

Answer 17

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 18

What is the average milk yield of a goat?

Answer 18

800l/lactation

Question 19

What kind of milk secretion occurs in the goat?

Answer 19

Apocrine

Question 20

What are the only licensed products for goats?

Answer 20

Lethobarb 20%
Pentobarbitol 
Oxytocin
Coxevac and Gudair
Sterilised water

Question 21

Where is fat normally deposited in a goat?

Answer 21

Intra-abdominally

Question 22

If a group of goats is wasting away, what causes would you consider?

Answer 22

Bullying/dominance

Nutrition (quality, quantity, clean and fresh, sufficient trough space)

Question 23

If a single goat is wasting away, what causes would you consider?

Answer 23

Oral (teeth, gums, tongue)
Locomotor disease
Johne's disease
Chronic infections
Endoparasites
Ectoparasites
Tumours
Scrapie

Question 24

How can you check calcium levels in a goat around parturition?

Answer 24

Blood sample

Question 25

Hypomagnesaemia is rare in goats but why may it occur?

Answer 25

If fed nothing but grass

Question 26

Give a common cause of respiratory disease in goats

Answer 26

Mannheimia haemolytica (pasteurellosis)

Question 27

Give the 3 primary neoplasias of goats

Answer 27

Intrathoracic thymomas Mammary neoplasia Reproductive tract neoplasia

Question 28

How can a mammary neoplasia lead to a pendulous udder?

Answer 28

Affects suspensory apparatus

Question 29

How would you identify a goat with chronic laminitis?

Answer 29

Characteristic 'goose-step' walk Spend a lot of time on their knees Hoof is hard and box-shaped

Question 30

Where is psoroptic mange seen in goats?

Answer 30

Ears

Question 31

Where is chorioptic mange seen in goats?

Answer 31

Lower limbs

Question 32

When is the peak activity of Haemonchus contortus?

Answer 32

Aug-Sept

Question 33

Give some infectious causes of diarrhoea in young kids

Answer 33

E.coli Salmonella Rotavirus Cryptosporidia

Question 34

Give some non-infectious causes of diarrhoea in young kids

Answer 34

Poor feeding protocol: - Milk substitute too dilute - Dirty utensils - Haphazard feeding pattern

Question 35

What % of goat coccidia are pathogenic?

Answer 35

50%

Question 36

How long is the gestation of a goat?

Answer 36

150 days

Question 37

What kind of breeders are goats?

Answer 37

Seasonally polyoestrus | Sept-Feb

Question 38

What are the clinical signs of hydrometra or false pregnancy? When is it more prevalent?

Answer 38

Abdominal enlargement Udder development More prevalent following synchronisation Associated with persistent CL

Question 39

When are kids disbudded? | How many nerves are blocked?

Answer 39

Between 2 and 7 days old | 4 nerves blocked