Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
Cardiomyopathy
- cardiac muscle disorder
- involves both mechanical & electrical etiologies of myocardial dysfunction
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Increased thickening of left ventricle, sometimes right ventricle
- thickening of ventricular septum causing intermittent outflow obstruction (aortic valve out of left ventricle)
- causing decreased cardiac output and then hypoxia
Inotrope
Drug that alters the force of muscular contractions
positive inotrope
increases force of heart contraction
negative inotrope
decreases force of heart contraction
restrictive cardiomyopathy
- excessive rigidity of ventricular walls (looses compliance)
- rare, least common
- incomplete ventricular filling leading to decrease in cardiac output leading to hypoxia which usually leads to CHF
Autosomal dominant
- single mutant allele
- 50% chance of inheriting
Etiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Idiopathic (50%)
- genetic (50%) -autosomal dominant
Mnfts of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- systolic fx usually normal (can be asymptomatic)
- Dyspnea (when there is hypoxia, dyspnea)
- Angina (relates to heart muscle)
- Syncope (fainting not enough blood to the brain)
- palpitations (tachycardia & palpitation
- Sudden death – in young athletes
asymptomatic
a condition producing or showing no symptoms
Treatment of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- negative inotrope (which will decrease the force of contraction of the heart)
- Sx
- alcohol septal ablation
Dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy
- ventricular enlargement which cases decreased in size of chambers & impaired systolic function
- heart becomes so large it loses elasticity & loses compliance
- weak contractions – reduce ejection, leaves fraction of blood in heart results in decreased cardiac output
Dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy ________ etiology
genetic
What can contribute (put at greater risk) of developing dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy
- alcohol abuse (@ greater risk)
- viral infections
- chemotherapy
A large heart is a ______
failing heart
