Assignment #2 - Hypovolemic Shock

Question 1

Shock (circulatory shock)

Answer 1

acute failure of circulatory system to supply tissues & organs of body w blood supply to function. results in cellular hypoxia

circulation cannot adequately perfuse tissues of body causing hypoxia of cells

Question 2

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 2

• loss of whole blood
• loss of plasma
• loss of extracellular fluid

Question 3

Hypovelemic shock filling of vascular compartment is inadequate due to __________

Answer 3

-decrease in blood or plasma volume

Question 4

Inadequate filling of vascular compartment (veins & arteries) causes

Answer 4

decreased cardiac output

Question 5

Etiology (causes) of Hypovolemic shock

Answer 5

• loss of whole blood (hemorrhage)
• loss of plasma (sever burns)
• loss of extracellular fluid (eg. severe dehydration or loss of GI fluids with vomiting & diarrhea)
• internal hemorrhage
• 3rd space losses
• extracellular fluid moved from vascular compartment to interstitial space or compartment

Question 6

Hypovolemic shock is a loss of ____% or more circulating blood

Answer 6

20%

Question 7

Patho of hypovolemic shock

Answer 7

hearts stroke volume or amount of blood pumped from each ventricle of heart will drop d/t decrease in amount of blood in body. heart rate will increase to compensate for a lower stroke volume, cardiac output will decrease with lower blood volume which decreases tissue perfusion. Blood pressure will increase as systemic vascular resistance (vasoconstriction of blood vessels) increases.

Question 8

Compenstaory mecahanisms of hypovolemic shock

Answer 8

• increased HR(tachycardia)
• increased cardiac contractility (increased force of contraction)
• Vasoconstriction of vessels in skin and non vital organs
• another way body compensates for lost blood volume is to absorb fluid from interstitial spaces
• in order to increase fluid intake, hypothalamus triggers body to feel thirsty
• kidneys increase reabsorption of Na+ and H20, effectively minimizing fluid loss due to urination

Question 9

most immediate compensatory mechanism of hypovolemic shock controlled by

Answer 9

sympathetic nervous system

Question 10

if hypovolemic shock progresses far enough individual may

Answer 10

loose consciousness & slip into coma

Question 11

what is underlying cause of hypovolemic shock

Answer 11

loss of blood volume, which may affect tissue perfusion & thus organ & cell functioning

Question 12

Treatment of hypovolemic shock

Answer 12

Tx focused on replenishing blood
quick resolution to lack of tissue perfusion administer 02
in order to replenish bv, Intravenous application of crystalloids, plasma volume expanders, liquids & blood & blood products

Question 13

most immediate compensatory mechanisms of hypovolemic shock

Answer 13

• increased HR(tachycardia)
• increased cardiac contractility (increased force of contraction)
• Vasoconstriction of vessels in skin and non vital organs

Question 14

another way body compensates for lost blood volume is to absorb fluid from

Answer 14

interstitial spaces (this is a compensatory mechanism)

Question 15

vasoconstriction of vessels in skin and non vital organs causes

Answer 15

blood stored in venous system to be pumped into action, restoring volume to heart & tissues (ex. liver constricts it veins)

Question 16

in order to increase fluid intake, hypothalamus triggers body to

Answer 16

feels thirsty (this is a compensatory mechanism)

Question 17

decreased blood flow to kidneys will signal kidneys to

Answer 17

increase reabsorption of Na+ and H20, effectively minimizing fluid loss due to urination

Question 18

decreased blood flow to kidneys will signal kidneys to

Answer 18

increase reabsorption of Na+ and H20, effectively minimizing fluid loss due to urination