Flashcards in Cardiovascular Misc Deck (27)
1
Besides vasodilation both Nipride and nitro have what effects? and why?
Bronchodilator
d/t NO action
2
how does NO (nitric Oxide) cause vasodilation
released from endothelial cells - activates soluble gaudily cyclase (sGC) - converts guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to the 2nd messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) - cGMP causes smooth muscle dilation (thus both bronchial and vascular)
3
name the action and other name of drug:
Hydralizine
Apresoline
Arterial dilator
4
name the action and other name of drug:
Nitroglycerine
Nitro
Venodilator
5
name the action and other name of drug:
Nitroprusside
Nipride
Arterial and Venous dilator
6
what kind of hypertrophy is IHSS?
Concentric
7
What is the one heart condition unlike all others?
IHSS
8
With IHSS is the myocardial dysfunction caused by anything that the other concentric hypertrophy d/o are from? AKA pressure (HTN)
nope
9
IHSS:
What do you want to do with
HR?
Rhythm?
Preload?
Afterload?
Contractility?
Maintain HR
Sinus
High preload (full)
After load up
decrease contractility
10
how can you remember what worsens and makes IHSS better?
Old Cats Pee Alot
first line increases / 2nd decreases
O increased / increased
C Increased / decreased
P Decreased / Increased
A Decreased / Increased
11
w/ IHSS what may the A-line wave form look like
Bifid (bisferiens pulse)
12
What is an ideal vasopressor for IHSS
Phenyelphrine
13
Valve lesions: AR
what is the anesthetic goals
Fast (increase HR)
Full (increase preload)
Forward (decrease after load)
14
What type of murmur is heard and where at wit AR?
Diastolic
left sternal boarder
15
what pressor and why is good for AR
ephedrine
Forward movement
16
Valve lesions: MR
what you wanna do
Increase HR
decrease after load
normal preload (increase worsens regurg and decrease lowers CO)
17
What do u want to do with HR to all pts with and rugurg
Increase it
18
What do u wanna do with all pts after load with regurg
Decrease it
19
Valve lesions: MR
Chronic MR is d/t what (usually)
Rheumatic fever
20
Valve lesions:AS
what you wanna do
Decrease HR
Keep in NSR
Maiintain preload and afterload
21
What is a good pressor for AS and why?
Phenylephrine
B/c decrease HR
22
what is normal AV area
2.5-3.5 cm2
23
what is the AV for severe AS
0.8-1 cm2
24
what type and where is the murmur heard for AS
Systolic
right 2nd intercostal space
25
when are spinals and epidurals contraindicated w/ AS
when it's severe
26
Valve lesions:MS
what you wanna do
decrease HR (gives more time for LV to fill)
Maintain pre/afterload
27