Flashcards in Physics and Chemistry-Transport process Deck (19)
1
who's law describes diffusion
Fick's law of diffusion
2
what is the formula for are of diffusion?
Diffusion = (P1-P2) x (Area) x (solubility)
_________________________________
(membrane thickness) x ( Square root of MW)
3
Fick's law of diffusion:
what 3 things are Directly proportional to diffusion rate (hint they are whats on top in the equation)
Partial pressure gradient
membrane area
solubility of gas in membrane
4
Fick's law of diffusion:
What 2 things are INDIRECTLY proportional to diffusion rate (hint they are whats on the bottom in the equation)
membrane thickness
Square root of MW
5
Fick's law of diffusion of gasses explains what 4 things
concentration effect
2nd gas effect
diffusion hypoxia
why turing on N20 leads to an increase in volume in gas spaces in the patients body
6
CO2 diffuses ___ times faster than O2
20 x's
7
even though CO2 is a larger molecule than O2 CO2 diffuses 20 times faster across the alveolar and capillary membrane than O2. Why is this?
Bc CO2 is 20x's more soluble than O2
8
Equilibrium of inhalation agents occurs in the body when?
when the Partial pressures of the gas are the same everywhere
9
what is the process by which the fetus receives O2 and drugs?
Diffusion
10
Diffusion of a gas from alveoli to blood (or blood to alveoli) requires what?
a difference in partial pressures
11
NON-Gases:
what are the main factors determining diffusion rate across membranes for non-gases?
concentration gradient (non-ionized)
Electrochemical gradient (ionized)
Lipid solubility
size
12
NON-Gases:
agents that poorly penetrate the BBB or placental barrier are what?
Lipid INsoluble (ionized)
Large (high molecular weights)
13
NON-Gases:
why do ions like Na+ not penetrate the lipid bilayer?
Ioinized (charged) particles are HydroPHILIC and LipoPHOBIC, the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, thus ionized particles do not cross (dissolve in) the lipid portion of the cell membrane
14
Osmosis:
requires what 2 things?
a membrane impermeable to one or more solutes
a difference in the concentration of solutes
15
what/who's law describes how the intensity of light is altered as it is transmitted through a liquid? The intensity of light falls exponentially as the light passes through the liquid.
Beer's law or Beer-Lambert Law
16
How is the Beer's law or Beer-Lambert Law applied in anesthesia
the pulse oximeter
17
heat loss:
core temp refers to the intrathoracic and intracranial contents (where the vital organs are located). where are 2 areas we can measure core temp?
lower esophagus
Ear
18
heat loss:
state the 4 routes of heat loss and describe how is it done
Radiation (60%)- just radiating off body
Convection (15-30%)- air flow
Evaporation (20%) open belly/ respiratory
Conduction (
19