Control of Ventilation Flashcards by B -

Control of Ventilation:

What does the EFFERENT control?

Motor

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Control of Ventilation:

what does the AFFERENT control?

Sensory

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Control of Ventilation:

on the diagram (for visual prupose only) mark the efferent and afferent side

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Control of Ventilation:

what part of the brain is responsible for ventialtion

brainstem

(pons and medulla)

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Control of Ventilation:

what type of muscle is teh diaphram?

Skeletal

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Control of Ventilation:

what is the Major Muscle of inspiration?

Diaphram

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Control of Ventilation:

the diaphram controlls what % of TV

75%

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Control of Ventilation:

the diaphram is made up of what type of receptors

Nicotinic ACh

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Control of Ventilation:

what cervical nerves are responsible for the Phrenic nerve?

C3,4,5

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Control of Ventilation:

which Ohrenic nerve carries the majority of the Phrenic nerve

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Control of Ventilation:

what are the 3 main Motor (effernt) nerves of ventilation?

Phrenic n.

External intercostal n.

Internal intercostal n.

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Control of Ventilation:

what type of Nerves are the 3 major motor (efferent) nerves of ventilation?

A-alpha motor neurons

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Control of Ventilation:

Picture of the 3 main motor (efferent) nerves of ventilation

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Control of Ventilation:

what are the 3 motor (efferent) muscles that the Phrenic, external intercostal, and internal intercostal nerves innervate?

external intercostal

internal intercostal

diaphram

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Control of Ventilation:

What Efferent (motor) nerve innervates the Diaphram?

Phrenic n.

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Control of Ventilation:

what efferent (motor) nerve innervates the External intercostal muscle?

External Intercostal n.

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Control of Ventilation:

what Efferent (motor) n. innervates the internal Intercostal muscle

internal intercostal n.

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Control of Ventilation:

Does the External intercostal muscle control Inspiration or expiration?

inspiration

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Control of Ventilation:

does the diaphram control inspiration or expiration

inspiration

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Control of Ventilation:

dose the Internal intercostal muscle control inspiration or expiration?

both (but more expiration)

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Control of Ventilation:

what controls expiration?

mainly passive

but internal intercostals help

Control of Ventilation:

what are the 2 Afferent (sensory) nerves of respiratorion?

Glossopharyngeal n. (hering’s n., Sinus n.)

Vagus n.

Control of Ventilation:

what does the afferent (sensory) Glossopharyngeal n. (IX) origonate? and end?

peripheral chemoreceptors of carotid

end at DRG

Control of Ventilation:

where does the Afferent (sensory) vagus nerve origonate? and end

the Alveolus

peripheral chemore ceptors in aortic arch

ends w/ DRG

Control of Ventilation: what do peripheral chemoreceptors detect?

CO2 O2 H+

Control of Ventilation: where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located

Carotid body and aoric arch (both innervated via Vagus (X) )

Control of Ventilation: what are the 4 centers that control ventilation

* PnC- Pneumotaxic Center (now called the PRG- Pontine respiratory group) * ApC- Apneustic center (secondary resp center in pons) * DRG- Dorsal respiratory group * VRG- Ventral respiratory group We don;t really give a shit about the ApC

Control of Ventilation: what 2 centers are locataed in the Pons

PnC (PRG) ApC

Control of Ventilation: What 2 centers are in the medulla?

DRG VRG

Control of Ventilation: picture of the resp centers

Control of Ventilation: what s the role of the PnC or PRG

fine tunes rate and depth of inspiration

Control of Ventilation: what is tha Main Power house of the respiratory center

DRG

Control of Ventilation: is the DRG for inspiratory or expiratory?

inspiratory

Control of Ventilation: since the DRG controls Inspiration what 2 nerves arise from it? and what 2 muscles does the DRG control?

Phrenic n. - controls diaphram External Intercostal n. - controls external interostal muscle

Control of Ventilation: what center is considered the inspiratory pacemaker?

DRG

Control of Ventilation: picture look at DRG

Control of Ventilation: what nerve arises from the VRG? what muscle does it control?

Internal intercostal n. internal intercostal muscle

Control of Ventilation: look at diagram of VRG

Control of Ventilation: where is the control center for respiration

medulla and pons Brainstem

Control of Ventilation: whata re the major muscles for forced expiratory

Abdominal muscls

Control of Ventilation: Stretch receptors Smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles has receptors the fire when stretched, (controled via Vagus n.) which reflexly tend to do what to respirations

inhibit

Control of Ventilation: Stretch receptors when the stretch receptors fire and inhibit inspiration what reflex is that

haring breuer reflex

Control of Ventilation: Stretch receptors in the haring Breuer reflex what nerve carries the afferent (sensory) signal

Vagus (X)

Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors what do they detect

CO2 O2 pH (H+)

Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors where are they found

Mostly in carotid body but also in aoric arch

Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors they are MOST responsive to what?

decreases in PaO2 (

Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors what nerve carries afferent (sensory) information from the Carotid bodies?

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors what nerve carries Afferent (sensory) information from the aortic arch

Vagus (X)

Control of Ventilation: Central chemoreceptors they respond to what?

H+ions

when the partial pressure of CO2 in thr CSF increases the H+ and HCO3- ions increase immediately- what priciple or law is this?

LaChateliers principle