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Flashcards in Ch. 10 Deck (46)
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1
Q

what is the primary role of the b-vitamins

A

act as coenzymes

2
Q

the first b-vitamins discovered was

A

thiamin

3
Q

chromium assists in _____ uptake

A

glucose

4
Q

what is false about thiamin

A

it is often toxic when consumed in excess

5
Q

a person suffering from fatigue, muscle wasting, and nerve Andaman is likely suffering from what deficiency disease

A

beriberi

6
Q

what is a good source of thiamin

A

whole and enriched cereals and grains

7
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is associated with the decreased absorption and utilization of

A

thiamin

8
Q

which of these nutrients is destroyed by exposure to light

A

riboflavin

9
Q

what is not a sympton of pellagra

A

dizziness

10
Q

which vitamin can be made from the amino acid tryptophan

A

niacin

11
Q

what is the primary symptom of niacin toxicity

A

flushing

12
Q

what is transamination

A

a key process in the creation of nonessential amino acids

13
Q

Pellagra is the deficiency disease associated with ____

A

niacin

14
Q

Pellagra was first seen in populations where the dietary staple was _____

A

corn

15
Q

Good sources of riboflavin include _____

A

milk, meats, and green vegetables

16
Q

The primary sources of folate in the american diet are _____

A

enriched ready-to-eat cereals, bread, and grain products

17
Q

why is folate critical to the health of a newly conceived embryo

A

folate is needed for proper cell division

18
Q

folate deficiency during pregnancy is associated with

A

pellagra

19
Q

a toxicity of folate can disguise a true deficiency of _____, resulting in nerve damage

A

vitamin b12

20
Q

vitamin b12 is essential for the proper functioning of ____ cells

A

nerve

21
Q

high concentration of homocysteine in the blood are associated with the development of _____

A

heart disease

22
Q

a person exhibiting symptoms of impaired work performance, general fatigue, pale skin, depressed immune function, impaired cognitive and nerve function, and impaired memory is likely suffering from _____

A

iron-deficiency anemia

23
Q

consumption of high levels of folate supplements can mask a _____ deficiency

A

vitamin b12

24
Q

a deficiency of _____ has been associated with convulsions and dermatitis in infants

A

vitamin b6

25
Q

the chronic overconsumption of _____ can result in a biotin deficiency

A

raw egg whites

26
Q

is choline a vitamin

A

no

27
Q

a lack of dietary iodine during pregnancy is the primary cause of _____ worldwide

A

cretinism

28
Q

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of _____ hormones

A

thyroid

29
Q

a goiter can result from _____

A

too much or too little iodine in the diet

30
Q

which component of the blood is essential in transporting oxygen to body cells

A

erythrocytes

31
Q

prothrombin and factor VII are _____

A

proteins that are involved in the coagulation of blood

32
Q

what is not a good source of vitamin K

A

exposure to sunlight

33
Q

what kind of individual would be at risk for a vitamin K deficiency

A

a 30 year old with crohn’s disease

34
Q

vitamin k deficiencies are rare because

A

intestinal bacteria produce vitamin k

35
Q

the iron carrying protein that assists in the transport of oxygen into muscle cells is

A

myogloin

36
Q

the meat factor is

A

a special quality found in meat, poultry, and fish that enhances iron absorption

37
Q

what is not a common storage site for iron

A

kidneys

38
Q

Celine visited her doctor to complain about a cut that bled a lot before it clotted. What deficiency might cause the bleeding?

A

vitamin K

39
Q

what will impair iron absorption

A

low amounts of stomach acid

40
Q

Bob’s physician has just diagnosed him with iron-deficiency anemia. What would not be good advice for Bob to utilize more dietary iron.

A

drinking a glass of milk with his iron supplement

41
Q

insufficient intake of iron will first affect the body’s _____ levels

A

ferritin

42
Q

what is associated with increased absorption of zinc

A

growth

43
Q

which mineral’s absorption is enhanced greatly by vitamin c?

A

iron

44
Q

what mineral increases insulin’s effectiveness in cells

A

chromium

45
Q

the major dietary source of iodine in the typical american’s diet is

A

iodized table salt

46
Q

a deficiency of _____ is the most common deficiency worldwide

A

iron