Ch. 12 Flashcards Preview

Nutrition > Ch. 12 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch. 12 Deck (35)
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1
Q

describe exercise

A

leisure physical activity that is purposeful, planned, and structured

2
Q

what is not a physiological effect of regular physical activity

A

decreases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

3
Q

approximately _____ of americans report that they do not engage in any leisure time activity

A

25 percent

4
Q

the institute of medicine recommends a minimum of _____ minutes of physical activity each day for adults

A

60

5
Q

physical activity not related to a person’s occupation is defined as _____

A

leisure time physical activity

6
Q

the top of the physical activity pyramid emphasizes activities that _____

A

we should do less of such as watching tv

7
Q

marco wants to improve his cardiorespritory fitness. what type of activity would help him achieve his goal

A

aerobics class three times a week

8
Q

what is meant by the overload principle

A

improving fitness by placing extra physical demand on the body

9
Q

after completing an exercise session, adequate hydration in an athlete is best determined by _____

A

urine that is light yellow in color

10
Q

to achieve cardiorespiratory fitness, you should train more than _____ days a week

A

2

11
Q

the FIT principle is _____

A

the principle that a good physical fitness program should be based on frequency, intensity, and time.

12
Q

what is traditionally used to evaluate the level of intensity of aerobic activity

A

heart rate

13
Q

to achieve moderate intensity physical activity, the centers for disease control and prevention reccomends a target heart rate of 50 to _____ percent of an individuals maximal heart rate

A

70

14
Q

what type of exercise would creatine phosphate (CP) be an important source of energy

A

sprinting in the 100 meter race

15
Q

during exercise what sources are used by the body for glucose

A

glycogen stored in skeletal muscles

16
Q

the primary end product of glycolysis is

A

pyruvic acid

17
Q

the amount of ATP that can be produced in glycolysis can maintain eercise for no more than _____ minutes

A

3

18
Q

when oxygen is scarce, cellular pyruvic acid will be converted to _____

A

lactic acid

19
Q

what is false concerning aerobic metabolism

A

it leads to muscle fatigue

20
Q

what is not true about cool-down exercise after an exercise session

A

helps digestion later on

21
Q

fatty acid molecules provide much of the energy for

A

long term activity such as walking

22
Q

what best describes how ATP provides energy to the body’s cells

A

energy is releasedwhen a phosphate group is cleaved from the ATP molecule

23
Q

the major fuel source used by the working muscle during long duration physical activity is

A

fatty acids

24
Q

what is not a reason fat becomes an energy source for trained athletes

A

replaces carbohydrates as an energy source dduring prolonged, intense training

25
Q

where in the body do we find the greatest torage of potential energy

A

body fat

26
Q

at rest, the bodys fuel source is primarily

A

fat

27
Q

our bodies store glycogen at the highest rate _____ hours after exercise

A

24

28
Q

When would carbohydrate loading not be beneficial

A

weightlifting

29
Q

what is not a side effect of carbohydrate loading

A

improved performance

30
Q

what best dexcribes dr. barry sears the zone diet

A

high-protein diet designed for competitive athletes

31
Q

in physical activity lasting less than 1 hour, the ost appropriate fluid replacement is _____

A

plain water

32
Q

what ergogenic aid has been banned in the US

A

gamma-hydroxybutyric acid GHB

33
Q

what is the cause of sports anemia

A

increased plasma volume due to training

34
Q

some athletes believe that caffeine can enhance athletic performance because it has been sow to

A

increase the use of fatty acids as a fuel source

35
Q

why are the B vitamins especially important to an athlete

A

the B vitamins are directly involved in energy metabolism