Ch 15: Behavior

Question 1

What type of behavior does a dog learning that if it brings the newspaper into the house each evening, it gets a bone show?

Answer 1

Operant conditioning

Question 2

What type of behavior does a bird treating the human it saw when it first hatched as its mother show?

Answer 2

Imprinting

Question 3

What type of behavior does a frog squeezing the swollen belly of a female frog to release eggs show?

Answer 3

fixed- action pattern

Question 4

What type of behavior does a cockroach learning to run from light because every time a light comes on someone tries to stop it show?

Answer 4

operant conditioning

Question 5

What type of behavior does a man wishing to turn a screw and, having no screwdriver, realize that he can use the edge of a dull knife as a substitute?

Answer 5

insight learning

Question 6

What type of behavior does a cat running into the kitchen and looking for food when it hears the electric can opener show?

Answer 6

classical conditioning

Question 7

What type of behavior does a bird puffing up its brightly colored chest to attract a mate show?

Answer 7

fixed- action pattern

Question 8

What are instinctive behaviors?

Answer 8

behaviors that are not learned and exist at the moment of birth

Question 9

What are fixed- action patterns?

Answer 9

instinctive behaviors triggered by specific stimuli

Question 10

What is imprinting?

Answer 10

instinctive behavior, recognition of some object as “mother” when seen during a critical time after birth

Question 11

Fixed- action patterns and imprinting both occur even if the stimulus is not _____

Answer 11

the real stimulus encountered in nature

Question 12

What are learned behaviors?

Answer 12

behaviors that require interaction with the environment or other organisms

Question 13

What is habituation?

Answer 13

non-harmful stimulus is repeated over and over again, and the organism learns to ignore it

Question 14

What is conditioning?

Answer 14

stimulus associated with a particular behavior

Question 15

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 15

a neutral sign leads to a reflex

Question 16

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 16

learning thatoccurs because of reward and punishment system

Question 17

What is insight learning?

Answer 17

ability to approach new situations and figure out how to deal with them

Question 18

A chemical released that causes an organism’s own heart rate to increase is an eample of a what?

Answer 18

hormone

Question 19

Roots growing toward the earth is described as ______ gravitropism

Answer 19

positive

Question 20

A rooster crowing in the morning is an example of a _______ rhythm.

Answer 20

circadian

Question 21

A fruit tree flowering in the spring is an example of a ______ rhythm

Answer 21

seasonal

Question 22

Growth of a plant toward light is called ________

Answer 22

phototropism

Question 23

Bacteria that release chemicals to draw other bacteria toward a food source are releasing what?

Answer 23

pheromones

Question 24

Athlete’s foot is the common name that describes a fungal infection of the skin of the feet, especially between the toes. The skin becomes cracked and sore. This is an example of a ______ relationship

Answer 24

parasitic

Question 25

Epiphytes are small plants that grow on the branches of big trees. The epiphytes are exposed to sunlight, and the big tree is neither helped nor harmed. This is an example of a _______ relationship.

Answer 25

commensalistic

Question 26

Any two organisms living in an intimate association with each other are said to be in a ________ relationship.

Answer 26

symbiotic

Question 27

An ivy growing along a trellis is an example of what?

Answer 27

thigmotropism

Question 28

As army ants move through a tropical forest, brids follow and prey on the insects that fly or jump out of the ants’ way. This is an example of what?

Answer 28

commensalism

Question 29

What is a tropism and what are the 3 stimuli that can cause it?

Answer 29

a turning behavior in response to a particular stimuli

light, gravity, and touch

Question 30

What is phototropism?

Answer 30

growth of a plant toward light

Question 31

What is positive gravitropism?

Answer 31

growth of the roots downward, toward the earth

Question 32

What is negative gravitropism?

Answer 32

growth of the plant stem upward, away from the earth

Question 33

What is thigmotropism?

Answer 33

growth of the plant along a surface

Question 34

What is a circadian rhythm?

Answer 34

when a biological clock makes an organism do something on a daily basis

Question 35

What is a pheromone?

Answer 35

a chemical that is released by one member of a species and affects the behavior of other members

Question 36

What is symbiosis?

Answer 36

organisms of different species that share living space

Question 37

What is mutualism?

Answer 37

both organisms in the symbiotic relationship benefit

Question 38

What is parasitism?

Answer 38

one organism benefits, and the other is harmed

Question 39

What is commensalism?

Answer 39

one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped