Flashcards in Ch 2 - Microscopy Deck (38)
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1
Microscopy that allows for the visualization of live samples
Phase-contrast
2
microscopy image is dark cells on a light background
phase-contrast
3
improves contrast of a sample without the use of dye
phase-contrast
4
microscopy image appears light on a dark background
dark-field microscopy
5
Light reaching the lens has been scattered by specimen
dark-field microscopy
6
stylus measures weak repulsive forces between it and the specimen
atomic force microscopy
7
Uses a computerized microscope coupled with a laser source to generate a three-dimensional image
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy
8
Computer can focus the laser on single layers of the specimen
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy
9
Specimen is coated with a thin film of heavy metal
scanning electron microscope
10
very large specimens can be observed
scanning electron microscope
11
Prokaryotic/eukaryotic cells generally have a single, circular DNA molecule called a chromosome
prokaryotic
12
Prokaryotic/ Eukaryotic DNA is linear
eukaryotic
13
Typically two copies of each chromosome: prokaryotic/eukaryotic
eukaryotic
14
may have small amounts of extra-chromosomal DNA called plasmids : prokaryotic/eukaryotic
prokaryotic
15
During cell division, nucleus divides by mitosis
: prokaryotic/eukaryotic
eukaryotic
16
Evolutionary relationships between organisms
phylogeny
17
Obtain their energy from the oxidation of organic molecules
chemoorganotrophs
18
Obtain their energy from the oxidation of inorganic molecules
chemolithotrophs
19
use oxygen to obtain energy
aerobes
20
obtain energy in the absence of oxygen
anaerobes
21
Contain pigments that allow them to use light as an energy source
phototrophs
22
this photosynthesis produces oxygen
oxygenic
23
this photosynthesis does not produce oxygen
anoxygenic
24
Use carbon dioxide as their carbon source
autotrophs
25
Require one or more organic molecules for their carbon source
heterotrophs
26
All known pathogenic prokaryotes are
bacteria
27
______make up the largest phylum of Bacteria
proteobacteria
28
are proteobacteria gram (-) or Gram (+)?
Gram (-)
29
are cyanobacteria gram (-) or Gram (+)?
Gram (+)
30
what are the two phyla in the Archae domain?
Euryarchaeota , Crenarchaeota
31
degrade organic matter anaerobically, produce methane
methanogens
32
require high salt concentrations for metabolism and reproduction
extreme halophiles
33
grow in moderately high temperatures and low-pH environments
thermoacidophiles
34
Vast majority of cultured Crenarchaeota
hyperthermophiles
35
algae, fungi, protozoa, and slime molds: eukaryotic or prokaryotic
eukaryotic
36
do algae and fungi have cell walls?
yes
37
do protozoa and slime molds have cell walls?
no
38
