Flashcards in Ch. 21: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation (Notes) Deck (45)
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What is DI caused by?
insufficient secretion of ADH
1
What is the effect of GH on long bone growth called in children and adolescents?
giantism
2
What is the cardinal symptom of SIADH?
thirst
3
____ are usually benign, slow-growing tumors.
pituitary adenomas
4
What is an autoimmune disease that results in stimulation of the thyroid gland?
Graves' disease
5
Although rare, ____ is the most common endocrine malignancy.
thyroid carcinoma
6
T/F: Statistically, type 1 diabetes is more common than type 2.
FALSE...Type 2 is more common.
7
What is the most common cause of deficient parathyroid hormone secretion?
trauma to the parathyroid gland related to thyroid surgery
8
Type I diabetes involves....whereas type II is related to.....
type I - the destruction of pancreatic beta cells
type II - insulin resistance of the body's tissue cells
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_____ is characterized by high levels of ADH in the absence of normal physiologic stimuli for its release.
SIADH
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What are the symptoms of SIADH a result of?
dilutional hyponatremia and water retention
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What is a common cause of elevated levels of ADH secretion?
ectopically produced ADH
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DI is a result of ______.
insufficient ADH
13
A man with a closed head injury has a urine output of 6 - 8 L/day. Electrolytes are within normal limits but his ADH level is low. Although he has had no intake for 4 hours, there is no change in his polyuria. What are these findings indicative of?
neurogenic DI
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What does a diagnosis of SIADH require?
1. a serum sodium level <280 mOsm/kg
3. urine hyperosmolarity
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DI, DM, and SIADH all exhibit _____.
thirst
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What is a result of dysfunctional ADH synthesis caused by a lesion of the posterior pituitary, hypothalamus, or pituitary stalk?
neurogenic DI
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____ is associated with an insensitivity of the renal collecting tubules to ADH.
Nephrogenic DI
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What are the basic criteria for diagnosing DI?
low urine specific gravity while sodium levels are high
****PROTEIN levels are NOT considered*****
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How is neurogenic DI treated?
with ADH replacement therapy
20
What is the term correctly associated with the lack of ALL anterior pituitary hormones?
panhypopituitarism
21
Pressure on the ____ causes a variety of visual disturbances.
optic chiasm
22
The pressure produced by the tumor on neighboring anterior pituitary cells results in the hyposecretion of....
1. GH
2. Gonadotropins (FSH & LH)
3. TSH
4. ACTH
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What is the terms for adults who have been exposed to continuously high levels of GH?
Acromegaly
24
What is the hallmark of a prolactinoma?
the sustained elevation of serum prolactin that is responsible for the symptomatology referred to in the stem.
25
The pathology of______indicates that normal regulatory mechanisms are overridden by abnormal immunologic mechanisms that result in the stimulation of excessive TH.
Graves' disease
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The systemic symptoms of thyrotoxic crisis include....
hyperthermia and tachycardia
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High levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins are found in more than 95% of individuals experiencing_____.
Graves' disease
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The hyperfunction of the thyroid gland leads to suppression of ____ because of the normal negative feedback mechanism.
TSH
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