Flashcards in T1- Pain,Temp Reg Deck (139)
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"___ is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage"
Pain
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2 theories of pain
Specific and gate control theory
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Which theory explains the amount of pain is related to the amount of tissue injury and accounts for many types of injuries but does not explain psychological contributions?
Specific Theory
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Which theory explains the complexities of the pain phenomenon?
Gate control theory
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What is the perception of pain?
nociception
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How many neurons are in the perception of pain?
3
Primary order, Secondary order and Third Order
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Which order of neurons bare nerve endings in skin, muscle, joints, arteries, and viscera that respond to chemical, mechanical and thermal stimuli?
Primary
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Which order of neurons can detect a wide range of of stimuli? A-delta fibers and Unmyelinated C polymodal fibers
Primary
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What are examples of low-threshold mechanical information that can distract from injury pain?
Touch, vibration and pressure
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Which neurotrasmitters excite pain?
glutamate and aspartate
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Which neurotransmitters inhibit pain?
serotonin, GABA and endorphins
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What is threshold depolarization from direct stimuli?
Direct excitation
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What is threshold depolarization from inflammatory mediators after tissue injury?
Indirect excitation
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An example of ___ excitation is increased sensitivity due to inflammatory mediators like in sunburn.
Indirect
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What is the point at which a stimulus is perceived as pain?
pain threshold
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T/f The pain threshold does not vary significantly among people or in the same person over time.
True
Crazy I know.. word for word off his slide
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T/F Intense pain at one location may cause an decrease in the threshold in another location
False
It increases the threshold in another location
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Duration of time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before initiating pain responses and influenced by cultural perceptions, expectations, role behaviors and physical and mental health can be described as
Pain tolerance
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Decreased with repeated pain, fatigue, anger, boredum, apprehension and sleep deprivation and generally increased by alcohol consumption, persistent use of pain medication hypnosis can be described as
pain tolerance
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Point at which stimulus is perceived as pain is called
pain threshold
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Pain at one location may cause an increase in the threshold in another location is called
perceptual dominance
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Duration or time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before initiating pain responses is called
pain tolerance
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What are two classifications of pain?
Nociceptive pain: pain with normal tissue injury (somatic, visceral)
Non-nociceptive pain: neuropathic pain (peripheral and central)
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This type of pain arises from connective tissue, muscle, bone and skin. When activated by A-delta fibers, is the pain sharp or dull? Is the pain well localized or poorly localized?
Acute somatic pain.
Since it is activated by A-delta, the pain is sharp and well-localized.
Pain activated by C-fibers is poorly localized and dull.
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This type of pain is in the internal organs and abdomen, poorly localized due to lesser number of nociceptors.
Acute visceral pain.
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This is pain in an area removed or distant from its point of organ. What type of pain is this?
Referred pain
- MI pain is described as referred pain.
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This type of pain is a misinterpretation of nociceptive input. The cause of this type of pain is unknown, and is also defined as pain lasting longer than 3 months. What type of pain is this describing?
CHRONIC PAIN.. or medicaid pain.. whichever you like..:)
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What are the most common types of chronic pain?
- Back pain (most common)
- Myofascial pain syndrome (injury to the muscle and fascia)
- Chronic postoperative pain
- Cancer pain
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This type of pain is most often chronic, and is typically the result of trauma or disease of nerves. What type of pain?
Neuropathic pain
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