Ch1 Flashcards
differentiated instruction
takes into account students’ abilities/prior knowledge/challenges so instruction matches students’ needs
descriptive studies
collect detailed info about specific situations (uses: observation, surveys, interviews, recordings, etc)
ethnography
focuses on life w/i a group (tries to understand meaning of events to people involved)
participant observation
researcher becomes participant (to understand the group better)
case study
intensive study of one person/situation
experimentation
manipulated variables + effects recorded
statistically significant
not likely to be a chance occurrence
single-subject experimental studies
systematic interventions to study effects w/ one person (applying and then withdrawing a treatment)
microgenetic studies
detailed observation and analysis of changes in a cognitive process as the process unfolds over several days or weeks
longitudinal studies
changes that occur in subjects over years
cross-sectional studies
groups at different ages for many years
action research
systematic observations/tests of methods that teachers/schools conduct
hypothesis
prediction of what will happen in a research study based on THEORY and PREVIOUS RESEARCH
open/closed systems
c: no exchange of energy or matter or information across the system (laboratory)
underdetermination thesis
a number of theories can be used to explain observed events
research never PROVES a theory
