Chapter 1

Question 1

Study of all small things

Answer 1

Microbiology

Question 2

What can microbes do ?

Answer 2

Decompose waste
Produce medicines (insulin)
Generate oxygen (photosynthesis)
Produce useful chemicals like (ethanol and vitamins)
Cause disease
Produce fermented foods (cheese, bread)

Question 3

The classification, description, identification, and naming of living organisms.

Answer 3

Taxonomy

Question 4

Groups organisms based on shared characteristics

Answer 4

Classification

Question 5

Is the most specific and basic taxonomic unit

Answer 5

Species

Question 6

Taxonomic levels

Answer 6

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 7

In developing his taxonomy, Linnaeus used a system of _________, a two word naming system for identifying organisms by genus and specific epithet

Answer 7

Binomial nomenclature

Question 8

The binomial nomenclature for human beings

Answer 8

Homo sapiens

Question 9

Describes the clustered spherical cells

Describes the gold colored colonies

Answer 9

Staphylococcus

Staphlyo cells

Aureus gold

Question 10

Describes the bacterium’s habitat-the large intestine, or colon.

Answer 10

Escherichia Coli

Question 11

E.coli is found in the ?

S.aureus found in the ?

Answer 11

Large intestine

Skin

Question 12

________ can be: prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular, multicellular, or acellular, living or non living.

Answer 12

Microbes

Question 13

Prokaryotes

No nucleus
Single celled

Peptidoglycan cell walls

Answer 13

Bacteria

Question 14

Are prokaryotes
May or may not have cell walls
Often live in extreme environments

Are not known to cause disease in humans

Answer 14

Archaea

Question 15

Microorganisms are found in each of the three domains of life:

Answer 15

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya

Question 16

Microbes within the domains bacteria and archaea are all prokaryotes (__________), whereas microbes in the domain eukarya are eukaryotes (_________).

Answer 16

Their cells lack a nucleus

Their cells have a nucleus

Question 17

Archaeal cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan, but their cell walls are often composed of a similar substance called

Answer 17

Psuedopeptidoglycan

Question 18

Helminths
Fungi
Protists (algae, Protozoa)

Answer 18

Eukaryotic microbes

Question 19

Most are protists (eukaryotic)
Cellulose cell walls
Are photosynthetic organisms that extract energy from the sun and release oxygen and carbohydrates into their environment.

Found in freshwater, saltwater and soil

Answer 19

Algae

Question 20

Are an informal grouping of eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi.
Some algae are ______.
All Protozoa are examples of _______.

Answer 20

Protists

Question 21

Absorb or ingest organic chemicals
Maybe Mobile via pseudopods, cilia, flagella
Free living or parasitic derive nutrients from a living host.

Answer 21

Protozoa

Question 22

Are also eukaryotes
Chitin cell walls absorb organic chemicals for energy
Yeasts are unicellular: some are used to make bread and wine.
Molds and mushrooms are multicellular

Answer 22

Fungi

Question 23

Is a unicellular fungus or yeast. It is the causative agent of vaginal yeast infections as well as oral thrush, a yeast infection of the mouth.

Answer 23

Candida albicans

Question 24

Molds may produce toxins, cause allergies, spoil food, or even be used as sources of medicine

Answer 24

Penicillin

Question 25

Multicellular parasitic worms Tape worms Round worms Flukes Not technically microbes, but fall under the category of microbiology because diseases caused by _______ involve larvae and eggs

Answer 25

Helminths

Question 26

One example of a Helminths is a _______ , which causes dizziness, vomitting, diarrhea, and painful ulcers on the legs and feet when the worm works it’s way through the skin

Answer 26

Guinea worm 🪱 dracunculus medinensis

Question 27

Are acellular microorganisms, which means they are not composed of cells

Answer 27

Viruses

Question 28

Essentially, a _____ consists of proteins and genetic material either DNA or RNA, but never both that are inert outside of a host organism

Answer 28

Virus

Question 29

Is the study of bacteria

Answer 29

Bacteriology

Question 30

Study of viruses

Answer 30

Virology

Question 31

Study of fungi

Answer 31

Mycology

Question 32

Is the study of Protozoa

Answer 32

Protozoology

Question 33

Study of Helminths and other parasites

Answer 33

Parasitology

Question 34

Study of the immune system

Answer 34

Immunology

Question 35

Are only replicated when they are in a living host Do not have a cell wall

Answer 35

Virus