Chapter 1

Question 1

eukaryotes

Answer 1

have membrane encoded compartments (organelles) and a nucles

Question 1

mitochondia

Answer 1

in animal and plant cells. organelle that releases energy

Question 1

created an internal environment for chemical reactions within a cell, made up of phospholipids and fatty acids

Answer 1

membranes

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

change in genetic makeup of a biological population over time

Question 1

binomial naming

Answer 1

Genus and species of an organism. for organization

Question 1

used for research, organisms that researchers can use and extend their findings to other organisms

Answer 1

model organisms

Question 1

structual, physiological or behavioral traits that increase an organism’s chance of surviving. can come from mutations

Answer 1

adaptations

Question 1

controlled experiment

Answer 1

an experiment that manipulates one of the variables being tested

Question 2

theory

Answer 2

body of knowledge with facts to back it up

Question 3

endosymbiosis

Answer 3

how organelles are hypothesized to hae originated, larger cells engulfing smaller cells

Question 4

phylogenic tree

Answer 4

shows evolutionary relationships. evidence from fossils, genome analysis and metabolic processes. shows history of organisms

Question 5

determined by fossils, structures, chemical processes, behavior and molecular analysis of genome

Answer 5

evolutionary relationships

Question 6

protein

Answer 6

these are macromolecules. polymers made out of amino acids. They govern chemical reactions in cells and form organism’s structure. Functions include enzymes, receptor, transport and genetic regulation

Question 8

changes in an organism’s DNA. sometimes give rise to structural and functional changes. these can be advantageous and contribute to natural selection. heritable

Answer 8

mutations

Question 9

these are macromolecules. polymers made out of amino acids. They govern chemical reactions in cells and form organism’s structure. Functions include enzymes, receptor, transport and genetic regulation

Answer 9

protein

Question 10

gene

Answer 10

specific part of DNA that encodes proteins

Question 11

nucleic acids

Answer 11

DNA and RNA, store instructions for how to synthesize proteins

Question 13

Genus

Answer 13

group of species that share a recent common ancestor

Question 14

chloroplast

Answer 14

in plant cells. organelle that specializes in photosynthesis

Question 15

examples are synthesis movement and electrical work

Answer 15

cellular work

Question 17

group of species that share a recent common ancestor

Answer 17

Genus

Question 18

membranes

Answer 18

created an internal environment for chemical reactions within a cell, made up of phospholipids and fatty acids

Question 20

class of individuals with common attributes. capable of interbreeding

Answer 20

species

Question 21

chemical reactions that release energy from molecules using oxygen, more efficient

Answer 21

aerobic metablism

Question 22

prokaryotes

Answer 22

lack internal membrane bound organelles. no nucleus

Question 23

change in genetic makeup of a biological population over time

Answer 23

evolution

Question 24

adaptations

Answer 24

structual, physiological or behavioral traits that increase an organism's chance of surviving. can come from mutations

Question 25

sum total of all chemical reactions and work done in all cells of an organism

Answer 25

metabolism

Question 26

shows evolutionary relationships. evidence from fossils, genome analysis and metabolic processes. shows history of organisms

Answer 26

phylogenic tree

Question 27

comparative experiment

Answer 27

field study, look for differences between samples/groups. no manipulation involved.

Question 28

natural selection

Answer 28

differential survival and reproduction among individuals in a population. increases probability that genes capable of surviving will be passed down

Question 29

field study, look for differences between samples/groups. no manipulation involved.

Answer 29

comparative experiment

Question 30

building blocks aquired from environment

Answer 30

nutrients

Question 32

transforming sunlight into surgar glucose for energy

Answer 32

photosynthesis

Question 33

lack internal membrane bound organelles. no nucleus

Answer 33

prokaryotes

Question 34

Genus and species of an organism. for organization

Answer 34

binomial naming

Question 35

aerobic metablism

Answer 35

chemical reactions that release energy from molecules using oxygen, more efficient

Question 36

in animal and plant cells. organelle that releases energy

Answer 36

mitochondia

Question 37

species

Answer 37

class of individuals with common attributes. capable of interbreeding

Question 38

model organisms

Answer 38

used for research, organisms that researchers can use and extend their findings to other organisms

Question 40

body of knowledge with facts to back it up

Answer 40

theory

Question 41

in plant cells. organelle that specializes in photosynthesis

Answer 41

chloroplast

Question 42

evolutionary relationships

Answer 42

determined by fossils, structures, chemical processes, behavior and molecular analysis of genome

Question 43

how organelles are hypothesized to hae originated, larger cells engulfing smaller cells

Answer 43

endosymbiosis

Question 45

an experiment that manipulates one of the variables being tested

Answer 45

controlled experiment

Question 46

DNA and RNA, store instructions for how to synthesize proteins

Answer 46

nucleic acids

Question 47

genome

Answer 47

sum total of all genes encoded, this is the exact same in every cell

Question 48

cellular work

Answer 48

examples are synthesis movement and electrical work

Question 49

sum total of all genes encoded, this is the exact same in every cell

Answer 49

genome

Question 50

have membrane encoded compartments (organelles) and a nucles

Answer 50

eukaryotes

Question 51

mutations

Answer 51

changes in an organism's DNA. sometimes give rise to structural and functional changes. these can be advantageous and contribute to natural selection. heritable

Question 52

nutrients

Answer 52

building blocks aquired from environment

Question 53

specific part of DNA that encodes proteins

Answer 53

gene

Question 54

photosynthesis

Answer 54

transforming sunlight into surgar glucose for energy

Question 55

metabolism

Answer 55

sum total of all chemical reactions and work done in all cells of an organism

Question 56

differential survival and reproduction among individuals in a population. increases probability that genes capable of surviving will be passed down

Answer 56

natural selection