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Pathogenic Microbiology > Chapter 11 Diversity of Archaea & Bacteria > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Diversity of Archaea & Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Photosynthetic organisms that do not produce O²

A

Anoxygenic Phototrophs

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2
Q

Organisms that harvest energy by oxidizing inorganic chemicals

A

Chemolithrotrops

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3
Q

Organisms that harvest energy by oxidizing organic chemicals

A

Chemoorganotrophs

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4
Q

Gram-positive bacteria that produce lactic acid as a major end product of their fermentative metabolism

A

Lactic acid bacteria

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5
Q

Archaea that obtain energy by oxidizing hydrogen gas, using CO² as a terminal electron acceptor, thereby generating methane

A

Methanogens

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6
Q

Gram-negative bacteria that from multicellular “fruiting bodies”

A

Myxobacteria

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7
Q

Gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic nitrogen compounds such as Ammonium or Nitrite

A

Nitrifiers

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8
Q

Photosynthetic organisms that produce O²

A

Oxygenic Phototrophs

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9
Q

Long, helical bacteria that have flexible cell walls and endoflagella

A

Spirochetes

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10
Q

Gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy by oxidizing elemental Sulfur ans reduced Sulfur compounds, generating sulfuric acid

A

Sulfur Oxidizing bacteria

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11
Q

Lacking O²

A

Anoxic

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12
Q

These Anaerobic Chemolithrotrops are Gram-positive endospores named ______ cause disease including tetanus, gas gangrene, and botulism

A

Clostridium

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13
Q

Lactic acid bacteria can be distinguished from other bacteria that grow in the presence of O² how.

A

Lack of catalase

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14
Q

Difference between Lactococcus and Enterococcus

A

Lacto make cheese

Entero live in the intestines

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15
Q

Methanogens are _____ that oxidize Hydrogen gas, using CO² as a terminal electron acceptor, to generate methan

A

Archaea

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16
Q

The sulfur/sulfate reducing bacteria oxidize _____________, with sulfar/sulfate serving as a terminal electron acceptor, to generate hydrogen sulfide.

A

Organic compounds

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17
Q

Clostridia, the lactic acid bacteria, and Propionibacterium species oxidize organic compounds, with ________ serving as the Terminal electron acceptor

A

Organic compounds

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18
Q

Photosynthetic organisms that do not produce O²

A

Anoxygenic phototrophs

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19
Q

Anoxygenic Phototrophs have this type of chlorophyll

A

Bacteriochlorophyll

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20
Q

A group of anoxygenic Phototrophs who unlike other Phototrophs have all of their photosynthetic apparatuses contained in the cytoplasmic membrane.

They vary in color from red, orange, or purple

A

Purple bacteria

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21
Q

These bacteria have gas vesicles, allowing boyency, and store Sulfur in intracellular granules.

They use hydrogen sulfide to generate reducing power

A

Purple Sulfur bacteria

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22
Q

These bacteria use a variety of organic molecules rather than hydrogen sulfide for reducing power.

Lack gas vesicles

Store Sulfur in granules outside the cell

A

Purple non-sulfur bacteria

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23
Q

Purple bacteria are Gram _____

A

Negative

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24
Q

Green bacteria are a group of Gram______ anoxygenic Phototrophs that are green to brown in color

A

Negative

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25
Use hydrogen sulfide as a source of electrons for reducing power and form granules for Sulfur outside the cell. Some photosynthetic pigments are located in a structure called Chlorosomes
Green Sulfur bacteria
26
Anoxygenic Phototrophs include
Green and purple Sulfur bacteria and purple non-sulfur bacteria
27
An example of oxygenic phototroph is...
Cynobacteria
28
Gram-negative oxygenic Phototrophs, genetically related to chloroplasts
Cyanobacteria
29
These photosynthetic organisms use water as a source of electrons for reducing power
Oxygenic Phototrophs (Cynobacteria)
30
Cynobacteria form multicellular association called
Trichomes
31
What allows cynobacteria to rise to the surface?
Gas vesicles
32
Aerobic chemolithrotrops obtain energy by oxidizing ___________, using O² as a terminal electron acceptor
Reduced inorganic chemicals
33
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria obtain energy by oxidizing Sulfur, ______ serves as a terminal electron acceptor. Generating sulfuric acid
O²
34
Can obligate aerobes ferment?
No
35
What is the source of hydrogen and Electrons in oxygenic Phototrophs
Water
36
How is oxygen produced by oxygenic Phototrophs
Breaking up water
37
Which group did we look at who are mostly responsible for nitrogen fixing
Cynobacteria
38
2 pigments in cynobacteria
Chlorophyll & phycobiliproteins
39
Which group produces stinky blooms on stagnant lakes and ponds
Cynobacteria
40
Anoxygenic Phototrophs get their electrons for reducing from. 2
Hydrogen sulfide (H²S) & Organic compounds
41
The pigment in purple bacteria is part of the ...
Cell membrane
42
Which anoxygenic groups prefers H²S as a reducing source (2)
Purple & Green Sulfur bacteria
43
Purple & Green non-sulfur use ______ as a reducing source
Organic matter
44
Whose "final product" is Sulfur Granules
Green Sulfur
45
Causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Via ticks / lice
Rickettsia
46
How does Rickettsia give Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Transfers blood from Infected host to a healthy host
47
This obligate intracellular bacteria forms a spore like structure. Transmission between host is easier because of this
Coxiella
48
Reticulate body: inside cells Elementary body: outside cells
Chlamydia
49
Archaea families are aka
Z groups
50
This Z group or family of archaea that are Methane producing Extreme halophiles Extreme thermophiles
Euryarchaeota
51
This Z group or family of archaea Some are hyper Thermophiles All are Extreme Thermophilic Acidophiles
Crenarchaeota
52
Some archaea use _____ & ______ as a Final Electron Acceptor to form H²S Hydrogen Sulfide
Sulfur & Sulfate
53
Some archaea oxidize Hydrogen gas and use ____ as a final electron acceptor to form Methane CH⁴
CO²
54
Some archaea are sulfur oxidizers & use Oxygen as a final electron acceptor to form ______
Sulfuric Acid
55
Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas And the Genera Thermus & Deinococcus Have this energy and electron acceptor
Oxidize organic compounds & use O² as a terminal electron acceptor
56
Most Corynebacterium species and all members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genus vibro have this oxygen requirement
Facultative anaerobe
57
The study of physiological mechanics organisms use to thrive in a given environment
Ecophysiology
58
This genus of soil living bacteria form a resting cell called a cyst, which can withstand drying and UV but not heat.
Azotobacter
59
Bacillus and cloatridia are the most common gram-positive bacteria that _______
Form endospores
60
These aerobic Gram-positive bacteria resemble fungi in their pattern of growth. Form mycelium call hyphae At the end have dormant spores called conidia
Streptomyces
61
These gram-negative rod shapped bacteria cause tumors in plants
Agrobacterium
62
Gram-negative rod shapped bacteria that often nitrogen fix and form an intimate relationship with legumes
Rhizobia
63
Azobacter, mycobacteria, and streptomyces all produce...
Dormant cells that tolerate unfavorable conditions
64
Form chains of cells enclosed within a protective sheath. Swarmer cells move to new locations
Sheathed bacteria- Sphaerotilu, leptothrix
65
Appendages increase their surface area. Gram negative
Prosthecate bacteria- Caulobacter, Hypomicrobium
66
Some form symbiotic relationships with specific types of squid and fish. Gram negative
Bioluminescent bacteria
67
Often resides within protozoa
Legionella
68
Very large cigar shapped bacteria that multiply by releasing several daughter cells
Epulopiscium
69
Long spiral shapped bacteria that move by means of endoflagella
Free living spirochetes
70
Magnetic crystals allow them to move in and out of water
Magnetosprillium
71
Spiral shapped microaerophilic bacteria
Sprillium
72
Anaerobic chemolithrotrops use inorganic molecules for energy source and ____ as a terminal electron acceptor. Generating hydrogen sulfide Anaerobic respiration
Sulfate
73
Anaerobic chemoorgantrophs use what as both energy use and terminal electron acceptor in Fermentation
Organic molecules
74
_____ lives in intestine track of poultry and causes diarrhea in humans
C. Jejuni
75
Bordetella gram negative coccobacilli Causes
Kennel cough in dog
76
Coccobacilli found in intestine and gental track of mammals Important in digestion
Bacteroids
77
Lack cell wall and cause "walking pneumonia "
Mycoplama
78
This species causes gonorrhea & meningitis
Neisseria
79
pathogens caused by ticks are from this species exp. Lyme disease & relapsing fever
Borrelia
80
Extreme halophiles are from which phylum?
Euryarchaeota
81
Extreme thermophiles / acidphiles are from this phylum
Crenarchaeota
82
______ lack cell walls ______ form fruiting bodies
Mycoplasma Myxobacterium
83
Virus that can be transmitted to humans from animals
Zoonosis
84
These transmit diseases by transporting the causative agent from contaminated material on their feet or mouth parts and spreading it for human exposure
Mechanical vectors

Pathogenic Microbiology (31 decks)

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