Flashcards in Chapter 15 Deck (85)
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1
What is a drug?
Any chemical substance that produces a biologic response in a living system
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Drug are
Chemical substances that are NOT required for normal maintenance of body function.
Aid in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease
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After a drug has been administered it is called
Medication
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Pharmacology
The science concerned with the origin, nature, effects and uses of drugs.
The study of drug actions and drug interactions with living organisms.
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Classified system of drug names
Chemical Name
Generic Name
Trade Name
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Chemical Name
Identifies the actual chemical structure of the drug
Often complex
Not important to the technologist
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Generic name
Name given to the drug before its official approval for use
One generic name for each drug
Simpler name
Derived from chemical name
Never capitalized
Usually best known by
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Brand Name
Name given to a drug manufactured by a specific company
Short & easy to remember
Name may or may not reflect chemical structure of the drug
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Trademark is
Brand name, trade name or proprietary name
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Chemical sample
2-diphenylmethoxy-N,N-dimethyle-thylamine
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Generic Sample
Diphenhydramine
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Brand sample
Benadryl
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Classification -Drug Action
Function
Drug families
Similar chemical actions are group
Analgesics
Antiinflammatories
Not totally reliable
One drug may have several different physiologic effects on the body
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Drug Forms
The manner in which the chemical agent is transported into the human body
Single drug available in different forms to facilitate delivery and action under a variety of conditions
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Drug form samples
Tablet
Capsule
Inhalant
Suppository
Solution
Suspension
Transdermal patches
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4 Routs of drug
Oral
Topical
Sublingual
Parenteral
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Oral rout
Most common
Patient must be conscious
Absorption time is longer
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Topical rout
Directly onto skin
Absorbed into bloodstream
Transdermal patch
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Sublingual rout
Under the tongue and not swallowed
Rapid absorption for immediate onset
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Parenteral rout
Administered by injection or by a route other than the GI tract
Common routes
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Relieve pain without causing a loss of consciousness
Analgesics
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2 groups of Analgesics
Nonnarcotic (nonopioids)
Narcotic (opioids)
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Nonnarcotic (nonopioids)
Mild to moderate pain
Acetaminophen (Tylenol), Motrin, Advil
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Narcotic (opioids)
Moderate to severe pain
morphine, oxycodone, demerol
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Act on the CNS to produce a loss of sensation
Anesthetics
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2 types of Anesthetics
General anesthetics
Local anesthetics
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General anesthetics
Produce muscle relaxation and loss of consciousness – surgical procedures
propofol (Diprivan)
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Local anesthetics
Block nerve conduction from an area of the body to the CNS
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Antianxiety
Used in the treatment of anxiety
Act on the CNS to calm or relax the anxious patient
diazepam (Valium); lorazepam (Ativan)
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