Chapter 22: MNT in GI Disorders Flashcards by isabelle

disease of the intestines - small intestine

is the disease characterized by atrophy of the intestine due to lack of peptidase to digest the gliadin fraction of gluten

gluten-sensitivity enteropathy (celiac disease)

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gluten-sensitive enteropathy is aka

celiac disease

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

signs of this disease are: diarrhea, weight loss, steatorrhea

gluten-sensitive (celiac disease)

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: restrict rye, oats, wheat, and barley

rationale?

rich in gluten

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: low fat

rationale:

prevent steatorrhea

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: MCT

rationale:

for better fat absorption

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excessive amounts of fat in your poop

steatorrhea

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: vitamin and mineral supplementation

rationale:

to replace losses

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: high calorie

rationale:

to compensate weight loss

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

refers to the disease characterized by malabsorption, diarrhea, and intestinal disorders

tropical sprue

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

signs of this disease are: flatulence, indigestion, glossitis

tropical sprue

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: high protein

rationale:

to health lesions

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: folic acid

rationale:

to alleviate symptoms; restore the gi structure and function

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to correct malabsorption

low fat diet

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: prevent pernicious anemia

vitamin b12

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

refers to the fibrosis of the bowel wall due to radiation exposure characterized by diarrhea and malabsorption

enteritis

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to provide nutritional needs

NPO, IVF, or PN

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent irritation

small frequent feedings

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to favor fat absorption

low fat, MCT

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to replace losses

vitamins and mineral supplements

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent oxaluria

calcium supplements

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happens when you have too much oxalate in your urine

oxaluria

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

refers to the congenital malformation of the lymphatic system causing losses of protein, diarrhea, and steatorrhea, due to malabsorption

lymphangiectasis

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disease of the intestines - small intestine

lymphangiectasis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: for direct transport to the liver and better fat absorption

MCT

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disease of the intestines - small intestine pertains to the failure to absorb nutrients due to pancreatitis, e.coli, or rotavirus infection, bacterial overgrowth, impaired enzymatic activity, biliary secretion, drugs, and reduction of absorptive surface due to organic diseases (celiac or tropical sprue, resections or bypass); increased absorption may occur with hemochromatosis or Wilson's disease

malabsorption

disease of the intestines - small intestine malabsorption dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: in case of malabsorption

fat-restricted diets

disease of the intestines - small intestine malabsorption dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: for hyperoxaluria due to binding of fatty acids with calcium

oxalate-restricted diets

disease of the intestines - small intestine interference with the flow of intestinal contents caused by adhesions, hernia, or tumor

intestinal obstruction

disease of the intestines - small intestine intestinal obstruction dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to provide nutrition support

NPO, IV, TPN

disease of the intestines - small intestine intestinal obstruction dietary mgmt diet: surgical removal of the obstruction rationale: -

disease of the intestines - small intestine the failure to digest and absorb nutrients due to lack of enzyme activity characterized by vomiting or diarrhea

intolerance

disease of the intestines - small intestine intolerance dietary mgmt diet: restrict specific disaccharide rich food item (ex: if lactose, restrict milk) rationale: -

disease of the intestines - small intestine severe diarrhea and malabsorption following surgery or intestinal resections

short-bowel syndrome

disease of the intestines - small intestine short bowel syndrome dietary mgmt diet: -tube feeding, intravenous nutrition or intestinal transplantation -progressive diets -if with intact colon, carbohydrates (CHOs) are increased; low fat - if w/o intact colon, fats are increased; low CHO -vitamin and mineral supplements

disease of the intestines - large intestine symptom of several diseases acc to WHO (2009), it is the passage of 3 or more watery or loose bowel movements in a 24-hr period

diarrhea

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea may be acute

<2 weeks

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea may be severe

>2 weeks

disease of the intestines - large intestine etiology of this disease is: stress, poor eating habits, lesions in the git, organic diseases, enzyme deficiency, malabsorption, and infection

diarrhea

disease of the intestines - large intestine types of this disease are: osmotic, secretory, exudative, and motility disorder

diarrhea

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea mangement (medical)

antidiarrheal drugs

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to rest the organ and replace fluids

NPO, IVF

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to prevent dehydration

electrolyte replacement

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to prevent irritation

progressive diets from clear to normal

disease of the intestines - large intestine diarrhea dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to replace losses

high kcal, high-protein supplements

disease of the intestines - large intestine the retention of feces in the colon due to decreased gastric emptying time

constipation

disease of the intestines - large intestine etiology of this disease are: inactivity, decreased GIT motility due to pregnancy, operation or stress, lack of fiber

constipation

disease of the intestines - large intestine constipation: where there is weakened movement; lazy bowel

atonic

disease of the intestines - large intestine constipation: when there are small ribbon-like stools due to increased tonicity

spastic

complication of constipation due to decal impaction inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity caused by the leakage of infectious microorganisms through a perforation in an abdominal organ

peritonitis

disease of the intestines - large intestine atonic constipation dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to promote motility, increase bulk, to soften the stools

high fiber and fluids

disease of the intestines - large intestine spastic constipation dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to form the stools

low fiber; agar-agar

disease of the intestines - large intestine spastic constipation dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to prevent irritation

bland

disease of the intestines - large intestine diverticulosis - are sacs or pouches that develop in weakened areas of the intestinal wall

diverticula

disease of the intestines - large intestine refers to the presence of many pouches or diverticula in the large intestine

diverticulosis

disease of the intestines - large intestine pertains to the presence of inflamed diverticula

diverticulitis

disease of the intestines - large intestine etiology of this disease are: old age, weakened musculature, low-fiber diets

diverticulitis

disease of the intestines - large intestine characteristics of this disease are: fibrosis of the intestinal walls, narrowing of the lumen, abdominal pain and distention, alternates of diarrhea and infection, indigestion, and flatus

diverticulitis

disease of the intestines - large intestine diverticulitis medical mgmt

surgery, anti-infective drugs

disease of the intestines - large intestine diverticulosis dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to rest the organ

NPO

disease of the intestines - large intestine diverticulosis dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to supply liquids

IVF

disease of the intestines - large intestine diverticulosis dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to stimulate bowel movement

high fiber after acute attacks

disease of the intestines - large intestine diverticulosis dietary mgmt diet: ? rationale: to attain optimal nutrition

high calorie, high protein

inflammatory bowel diseases pertains to the chronic inflammation and ulceration of the large intestines' mucosa characterized by rectal bleeding, fever, malnutrition, and diarrhea with pain and spasm

ulcerative colitis

inflammatory bowel diseases refers to the crack-like ulcers accompany inflammation commonly affects the ileum and colon

crohn's disease

inflammatory bowel diseases complications - _____ of the intestines causing obstruction and inflammation

fibrosis

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: to attain optimal nutrition

high kcal, high protein

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: to replenish losses of vitamins, minerals, and fluids

supplementation

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: to prevent irritation

low fiber and residue

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: to replace losses

fe supplements

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: to prevent undue intestinal distention

progressive diet from clear to normal, bland

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: malabsorption

low fat

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: malabsorption of if ileum is affected

supplement vitamin b12

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: to provide nutrition when there are fistulas

small frequent feeding

inflammatory bowel diseases dietary management diet: ? rationale: these are live microorganisms, constituents of the microflora, which modulate immune response

probiotics

inflammatory bowel diseases the inflammation of the appendix characterized by severe abdominal pain and tenderness in the right lower quadrant

appendicitis

inflammatory bowel diseases management after surgery diet: ? rationale: progressive diet after peristalsis resumes

NPO, IVF

inflammatory bowel diseases refer to the ruptures in the hemorrhoidal veins may cause rectal bleeding, may be caused by pregnancy and/or constipation

hemorrhoids

inflammatory bowel diseases hemorrhoids dietary management (2)

high-fiber diet or fiber supplementation

inflammatory bowel diseases an intestinal disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort, cramping, diarrhea, or constipation

irritable bowel syndrome

inflammatory bowel diseases irritable bowel syndrome dietary management (2)

fat restricted and fiber controlled

inflammatory bowel diseases medical management (3)

antidepressants, laxatives, anti-diarrheal

inflammatory bowel diseases pertains to the proliferation of microorganisms because of reduction of gastric secretions and other protective mechanisms

bacterial overgrowth

this disease is an intestinal gas production, fatty acid deficiencies, pernicious anemia, bone pain, scaling, and bruising

bacterial growth

inflammatory bowel diseases etiology of this disease are: gastric surgery, chronic gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, human immunodeficiency virus infections, statis

bacterial overgrowth

where the digestion and absorption of food occur

gastrointestinal tract

oral cavity - diseases congenital deformities in the lip or palate that prevents adequate closure

cleft lip/cleft palate

cleft palate - medical mgmt

surgery

cleft palate - dietary mgmt -small frequent feedings -formula-red using medicine dropper or large-holed feedings bottles

oral cavity - diseases dental problems, toothlessness, ill-fitting dentures - diet mgmt -oral hygiene, avoid cariogenic (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and selenium) and sticky sweets -fluoride to stabilize enamel and lessen the formation of carries -phosphate to cleanse and mineralize

diet mgmt

oral cavity - diseases refers to the angular fissuring of the mouth

cheilosis

oral cavity - diseases pertains to lip lesion characterized by fissures of the corners of the lips

angular stomatitis

angular stomatitis - causes

nut. deficiencies (b complex, iron, and protein), infection, or folding of skin

cheilosis or angular stomatitis - diet mgmt -Identify and corrent the nutritional deficiency -If due to infection, arrest infection and provide high chon and sufficient calories to combat the infection

oral cavity - diseases refers to the inflammation of the oral mucosa due to niacin, tryptophan, folic acid, or vitamin b12 deficiency

stomatitis

stomatitis - diet mgmt if chewing is difficult

liquid to soft diet

oral cavity - diseases if with high fever and infection

high kcal, high chon

oral cavity - diseases refers to the increased vascularity of papillary epithelium manifested by soreness of the tongue, atrophy, and flattening

glossitis

glossitis - diet mgmt vitamin b complex supplements

oral cavity - diseases refers to the inflammation of the supporting structure of the teeth (gingival and periodontal ligaments) with a resultant loss of alveolar bone

periodontitis

supplement of ca, vitamin a, chon, folic acid, and iron softer consistency oral hygiene

periodontitis - diet mgmt

oral cavity - diseases refers to the inflammation of the throat

tonsilitis

diet mgmt: moist, soft-textured foods avoid acid foods or sticky foods avoid thermally irritating foods

tonsilitis diet mgmt

esophagus - disease refers to the acute or chronic inflammation of the esophageal wall

esophagitis

esophagus - disease symptoms: heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing)

esophagitis