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Biology > Chapter 24 > Flashcards

Chapter 24 Flashcards

(24 cards)

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1
Q

What is a chemical found in the nucleus that stores the genetic information needed for cellular function?

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

Who were the two biochemists who deduced the actual structure of DNA?

A

James D. Watson and Francis H. Crick

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3
Q

Which of the two biochemists who deduced the actual structure of DNA was American?

A

James D. Watson

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4
Q

Which of the two biochemists to deduced the actual structure of DNA was English?

A

Francis H. Crick

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5
Q

What is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid?

A

DNA

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6
Q

What is the part of the DNA molecule that controls a particular trait?

A

Each gene of an organism

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7
Q

How many chromosomes are in the nucleus of every somatic cell within your body?

A

46

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8
Q

What is loosely coiled DNA in a cell nucleus?

A

Chromatin

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9
Q

When are the bundles of tightly coiled DNA visible?

A

During mitosis and meiosis

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10
Q

What is a nucleic acid that is similar to DNA but contains ribose instead of deoxyribose?

A

Ribonucleic acid

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11
Q

What is the abbreviation for ribonucleic acid?

A

RNA

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12
Q

What is the type of molecule in which DNA and RNA are made?

A

Nucleotides

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13
Q

What is the nitrogen containing protein of a nucleotide whose sequence stores the information in DNA or RNA?

A

base

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14
Q

What is the double spiral structure of a DNA molecule?

A

Double Helix

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15
Q

What are paired nitrogen containing bases?

A

base pairs

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16
Q

What are the four bases found in a DNA molecule?

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A

Guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine

17
Q

What is the flow of biological information from DNA to RNA and then from RNA to protein?

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A

Central dogma of molecular biology

18
Q

What is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division?

19
Q

What is the process by which the cell copies the information contained in the DNA into the messenger RNA molecules?

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A

Transcription

20
Q

What does replication result in?

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A

Two identical DNA molecules where there had been only one before

21
Q

What is the process by which the cell dies when DNA can no longer replicate?

22
Q

What make up each of the protein “spools” that each DNA molecule is wrapped around?

23
Q

What does each spool and the DNA wrapped around it form?

Biology (25 decks)

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