Chapter 4: Prefixes: Pronunciation of Terms Flashcards by Jenn Dobrotinic

apnea

Not breathing

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anoxia

Without oxygen (decrease in tissues)

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abnormal

Pertaining to away from the norm (rule); not regular

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abductor

One who (muscle which) leads away from the body

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adductor

One who (muscle which) leads towards the body

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adrenal glands

Endocrine glands located above (toward) the kidneys

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anabolism

Process of casting (building) up materials (proteins) within cells

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analysis

To separate (apart)

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ante cibum

Before meals

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anteflextion

Bending forward

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antepartum

Before birth

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antibiotic

Pertaining to against life (germ life)

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antibody

Protein substance made in the body to destroy foreign antigens

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antigen

A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of antibodies

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antisepsis

Condition against infection

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antitoxin

A substance (antibody) produced in response to and capable of neutralizing a toxin

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autoimmune disease

A condition related to making antibodies (immune substances) against one’s own cells and tissues

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bifurication

Forking (branching) into two

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bilateral

Pertaining to two sides

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bradycardia

Condition of slow heartbeat

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catabolism

Process of casting down materials (sugar) to release energy in cells

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congenital anomaly

Irregularity at birth

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connective

To tie (bind) together

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contraindication

To point out against; as reasons why a drug should not be taken

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contralateral

Pertaining to the opposite side

dehydration

Condition of lack of water

diameter

To measure through

diarrhea

To flow through; water is now properly absorbed through the walls of the colon

dialysis

Complete separation

dyspnea

Difficult breathing

dysentery

Abnormal and painful condition of the intestines

dysplasia

Abnormal development or formation

ectopic pregnancy

Pregnancy out of the normal place (usually in the fallopian tubes)

endocardium

Inner lining (membrane) of the heart

endoscope

Instrument to view within the body

endotracheal

Pertaining to within the trachea

epithelium

Skin cell

euphoria

Good feeling

euthyroid

Normal thyroid function

exophthalmos

Eyeballs that protrude

hemiglossectomy

Removal of half the tongue

hyperglycemia

Increase in blood sugar

hyperplasia

Condition of increased formation (increase in number of cells)

hypertrophy

Increase in development; increase in size of cells

hypodermic injection

Use of a needle and syringe to force liquid under the skin

hypoglycemia

Decrease in blood sugar

insomniac

Pertaining to inability to sleep

incision

Process of cutting into; sectioning

infracostal

Pertaining to below ribs

intercostal

Pertaining to between the ribs

intravenous

Pertaining to within a vein

macrocephaly

Pertaining to an enlarged head; a congenital anomaly

malaise

Feeling of discomfort

malignant

Harmful, bad, cancerous condition

metacarpal bones

Five hand bones (beyond the wrist)

metamorphosis

Condition of change of shape or form

metastasis

Beyond control; spreading of a malignant tumor

microscope

Instrument to view small objects

netonatal

Pertaining to a newborn

neoplasm

New growth; new formation (tumor)

pancytopenia

Condition of decrease in all cells (blood cells)

paralysis

Abnormal destruction (of nerves) leading to loss of muscle function

parathyroid glands

Endocrine glands located near (on the dorsal side) of the thyroid gland

percutaneous

Pertaining to through the skin

pericardium

Membrane surrounding the heart

polymorphonuclear

Pertaining to a many-shaped nucleus; a type of white blood cell

polyneuritis

Inflammation of many nerves

postmortem

After death

precancerous

Pertaining to before cancer; a lesion that may become cancerous

prenatal

Pertaining to before birth

prodrome

Signs and symptoms that appear before the onset of a more severe illness

prolapse

Sliding forward or downward

prothesis

Artificial limb or part of the body

relapse

A sliding back; recurrence of symptoms of disease

remission

To send back; disappearance of symptoms of disease

recombinant DNA

Inserting a gene (region of DNA) from one organism into the DNA of another organism

retroperitoneal

Pertaining to behind the peritoneum

retroflexion

Bending backward

subcutaneous

Pertaining to under the skin

suprapubic

Pertaining to above the pubic bone

syndactyly

Condition of webbed (held together) fingers or toes; a congenital anomaly

synthesis

To put or place together

syndrome

A group of symptoms that can run (occur) together

symbiosis

Condition or state of "life together"; two organisms living together for mutual benefit

symmetry

State of "measurement together"; equality of parts; mirror images

symphysis

To grow together; bones that grow together at the joint

symptom

A subjective change in condition as perceived by the patient

tachypnea

Rapid breathing

transfusion

To pour across, as in transferring blood from one person to another

transurethral

Pertaining to through the urethra

ultrasonography

Process of recording ultrasound waves

unilateral

Pertaining to one side

Chapter 4: Prefixes: Pronunciation of Terms Flashcards

(92 cards)