Chapter 2: Whole Body Terms: Exercises Flashcards by Jenn Dobrotinic

Material of the cell located outside the nucleus and yet enclosed by the cell membrane

cytoplasm

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Regions of DNA within each chromosome

genes

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Small sausage-shaped structures that are the principal source of energy for the cell

mitochondria

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Network of canals within the cytoplasm; the site of protein synthesis

endoplasmic reticulum

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Structure that surrounds and protects the cell

cell membrane

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Control centre of the cell, containing chromosomes

nucleus

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Chemical found within each chromosome

DNA

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Rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions called genes

chromosomes

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A picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell is a/an ________

karyotype

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The number of chromosomes in a normal male’s muscle cell is ______

23 pairs

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The number of chromosomes in a female’s egg cell is _______

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The process of building up proteins in a cell is ________

anabolism

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Complex nutrients are broken down to similar substances and energy is released ________

catabolism

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The total of the chemical processes in a cell is ______

metabolism

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A scientist who studies tissues is a/an ______

histologist

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The medical term for internal organs is _______

viscera

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Voice box

larynx

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Membrane surrounding the lungs

pleura

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Throat

pharynx

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Tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder

ureter

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Collection of fat cells

adipose tissue

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Endocine organ located at the base of the brain

pituitary gland

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Windpipe

trachea

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Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints

cartilage

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Skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line internal organs

epithelial cells

Endocrine gland surrounding the windpipe in the neck

thyroid gland

Womb

uterus

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

urethra

Cavity surrounded by the skull

cranial

Cavity in the chest surrounded by the ribs

thoracic

Cavity below the chest containing the stomach, liver and gallbladder

abdominal

Cavity surrounded by the hip bones

pelvic

Cavity surrounded by the bones of the back

spinal

hypogastric region

Area below the umbilicus

mediastinum

Space between the lungs

spinal cord

Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity

diaphragm

Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavitites

intervertebral disk

Pad of cartilage between two adjoining vertebrae

pleural cavity

Space surrounding each lung

spinal column

Bony tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

inguinal regions

Areas near the groin

peritoneum

Membrane surrounding the abdominal organs

umbilical region

Area of the navel

epigastric region

Area above the stomach

Region of the neck

cervical

Region of the chest

thoracic

Region of the waist

lumbar

Region of the sacrum

sacral

Region of the tailbone

coccygeal

What is the opposite of deep?

superficial

What is the opposite of proximal?

distal

What is the opposite of supine?

prone

What is the opposite of medial?

lateral

What is the opposite of dorsal?

ventral; anterior

What is the opposite of superior?

inferior; caudal

The kidney lies to the side of or ______ of the spinal cord.

lateral

The _____ end of the thigh bone (femur) joines with the kneecap (patella).

distal

The _____ plane divides the body into an anterior and a posterior portion.

frontal; coronal

Each backbone is a/an _______.

vertebra

Several backbones are ________.

vertebrae

The diaphragm lies _______ to the organs in the thoracic cavity.

inferior; caudal

The ______ plane divides the body into right and left halves.

midsagittal

The ______ end of the upper arm bone (humerus) is at the shoulder.

proximal

The _______ plane divides the body into upper and lower portions.

transverse

The pharynx is located ______ to the esophagus.

superior; cephalic

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. craniotomy

crani/o/tomy Incision of the skull

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. cervical

cervic/al Pertaining to the neck

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. chondroma

chondr/oma Tumor (benign) of cartilage

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. chondrosarcoma

chondr/o/sarc/oma Flesh tumor (malignant) of cartilage

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. nucleic

nucle/ic Pertaining to the nucleus

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. epinephrine

epi/nephr/ine Substance (hormone) secreted by the adrenal glands

Divide the term into it's component parts and give the meaning of the full term. intravenous

intra/ven/ous Pertaining to within a vein

Space below the chest containing the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines

abdomen or abdominal cavity

Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints

cartilage

Rod-shaped structures in the cell nucleus containing regions of DNA

chromosomes

Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

diaphragm

Vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides

sagittal

Pertaining to the neck

cervical

Tumor (benign) of cartilage

chondroma

Control centre of the cell; directs the activities of the cell

nucleus

Pertaining to the windpipe

tracheal

Pertaining to internal organs

visceral

Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant)

sarcoma

Pertaining to the chest

thoracic

Picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus

karyotype

Sausage-shaped cellular structures in which catabolism takes place

mitochondria

Space between the lungs

mediastinum

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain

pituitary gland

Pertaining to skin (surface) cells

epithelial

Pertaining to far from the beginning of a structure

distal

On the surface of the body

superficial

Chapter 2: Whole Body Terms: Exercises Flashcards

(91 cards)