Chapter 5

Question 1

Anemia

Answer 1

A lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood

Question 2

Aneurysm

Answer 2

A localized weak spot or balloon like enlargement of the wall of an artery

Question 3

Angina

Answer 3

Condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

Question 4

Angioplasty

Answer 4

Procedure in which a small balloon is used to open a partially blocked coronary artery…”””

Question 5

Anticoagulant

Answer 5

Slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming

Question 6

Aplastic anemia

Answer 6

Characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

Question 7

Arrhythmia

Answer 7

Describes the abnormality or the loss of the normal rhythm of the heart

Question 8

Atherectomy

Answer 8

Surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery

Question 9

Atheroma

Answer 9

A deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall

Question 10

Atherosclerosis

Answer 10

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of cholesterol plaque on interior walls of arteries

Question 11

Atrial fibrillation

Answer 11

Normal rhythmic contractions of the atria replaced by rapid irregular twitching of muscular heart walls

Question 12

Automated external defibrillator

Answer 12

For use by nonprofessionals in emergency situations when defibrillation is required

Question 13

Beta-blocker

Answer 13

Reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat

Question 14

Blood dyscrasia

Answer 14

Any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

Question 15

Bradycardia

Answer 15

Abnormally slow resting heart rate

Question 16

Cardiac arrest

Answer 16

Event in which the heart abruptly stops or develops very abnormal arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood

Question 17

Cardiac endarterectomy

Answer 17

Surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged artery leading to the brain

Question 18

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 18

All diseases of the heart muscle

Question 19

Cholesterol

Answer 19

Fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

Question 20

Chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 20

Venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage/leakage of venous valves

Question 21

Coronary thrombosis

Answer 21

Damage to the muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

Question 22

Defibrillation

Answer 22

The use of electrical shock to restore the hearts normal rhythm

Question 23

Diuretic

Answer 23

Administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water

Question 24

Electrocardiogram

Answer 24

A record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

Question 25

Embolism

Answer 25

The sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus

Question 26

Embolus

Answer 26

A foreign object, such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue/tumor that is circulating though the blood

Question 27

Endocarditis

Answer 27

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

Question 28

Erythrocytes

Answer 28

Mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow (red blood cells-RBC)

Question 29

ACE inhibitor

Answer 29

Blocks the action of the enzyme that caused the blood vessels to contract resulting in hypertension

Question 30

Hemoglobin

Answer 30

The iron-containing pigment of the erythrocytes

Question 31

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 31

A condition of an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen

Question 32

Hemostasis

Answer 32

To stop or control bleeding

Question 33

Ischemic heart disease

Answer 33

Group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart

Question 34

Hemostasis

Answer 34

To stop or control bleeding

Question 35

Ischemic heart disease

Answer 35

Group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart

Question 36

Leukemia

Answer 36

Cancer characterized by progressive increase in # of abnormal WBC found in blood-forming tissues and in blood

Question 37

Megaloblastic anemia

Answer 37

Blood disorder characterized by anemia in which RBC are larger than normal

Question 38

Myelosplastic syndrome

Answer 38

Group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells

Question 39

Myocardial infarction

Answer 39

Occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque build up

Question 40

Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 40

Low BP that occurs when standing up

Question 41

Paroxymal atrial tachycardia

Answer 41

Episode that begins and ends abruptly where there are rapid and regular heartbeats originating in atrium

Question 42

Pericardium

Answer 42

Surrounds and encloses the heart

Question 43

Pernicious anemia

Answer 43

Anemia caused by lack of protein that helps the body absorb B12 from G.I. tract

Question 44

Phlebitis

Answer 44

Inflammation of vein

Question 45

Raynaud's phenomenon

Answer 45

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress

Question 46

Septicemia

Answer 46

Caused by the presence of bacteria in blood

Question 47

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 47

Genetic disorder caused by abnormal hemoglobin resulting in rbc that that takes sickle shape

Question 48

Tachycardia

Answer 48

Abnormally rapid resting heartbeat usually more than 100 BPM

Question 49

Thallium stress test

Answer 49

Performed to evaluate blood flow to heart during exercise by injecting small amount of thallium into blood

Question 50

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 50

Abnormally small number of platelets circulating in blood

Question 51

Thrombosis

Answer 51

Abnormal condition of having a thrombus

Question 52

Transfusion reaction

Answer 52

Serious/potentially fatal complication of blood transfusion where immune response occurs because patient blood does not match donor blood

Question 53

Valvulitis

Answer 53

Inflammation of the heart valve

Question 54

Varicose veins

Answer 54

Abnormally swollen veins occurring superficial veins of the leg

Question 55

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 55

Rapid irregular useless contractions of ventricles