Chapter 6 - Lesson 2

Question 1

What is the first step in protein breakdown?

Answer 1

denaturation

Question 2

What hormone is released when food is ingested to stimulate release of digestive fluids.

Answer 2

gastrin

Question 3

What is denaturation?

Answer 3

the process of changing the shape of a protein but not its primary structure

Question 4

What is pepsinogen?

Answer 4

A proenzyme secreted by the stomach as a precursor to pepsin.

Question 5

What enzyme in the stomach begins breaking peptide bonds?

Answer 5

Pepsin

Question 6

__ is the first section of the small intestine where some digestion occurs, and it is located immediately after the stomach and leads into the jejunum

Answer 6

Duodenum

Question 7

What hormone that stimulates the liver and pancreas to produce bile and bicarbonate; inhibits gastrin release?

Answer 7

secretin

Question 8

What is Cholecystokinin?

Answer 8

A hormone secreted by the duodenum that causes release of enzymes and bile.

Question 9

What are protease enzymes?

Answer 9

Enzymes in the small intestine that break long peptide chains into shorter peptide chains.

Question 10

What enyme breaks down small peptides?

Answer 10

Peptidase

Question 11

What are aminopeptadases?

Answer 11

Enzymes that cleave individual amino acids from a peptide chain so they may be absorbed.

Question 12

What is the hepatic protal vein?

Answer 12

The vein that transports blood from the spleen, stomach, pancreas, and the intestinal tract to the liver

Question 13

About __% of plant protein and __% of animal protein is absorbed.

Answer 13

85; 95

Question 14

__ is a protein formed of a triple-helix structure with great tensile strength, found primarily in skin, muscles/connective tissue, and bones.

Answer 14

collagen

Question 16

What is tensile strength?

Answer 16

the ability of a material to resist breaking under tension

Question 17

What is elastin?

Answer 17

A protein with high elasticity, found mainly in the skin

Question 18

What protein is found in hair an nails?

Answer 18

keratin

Question 19

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Answer 19

A protein found on the cell membrane that transports sodium and potassium to create electrochemical gradients across the membrane.

Question 21

Fluid balance is managed by which protein?

Answer 21

albumin

Question 22

What iron-containing protein found on red blood cells, binds oxygen and other molecules for transport in the blood?

Answer 22

hemoglobin

Question 23

What is the final step in protein digestion and absorption that occurs once all peptide chains have been broken down into their individual amino acids?

Answer 23

absorbed into the portal vein and processed through the liver

Question 24

Which protein has a triple helix molecular structure and works with calcium to form bones?

Answer 24

collagen