Chapter 7 - Lesson 1 Flashcards
Carbohydrate Introduction (34 cards)
What is the primary role of dietary carbohydrates?
to provide energy for the body
Except for __ and __, all carbohydrates are plant-derived.
lactose, glycogen
What are some examples of starches?
grains, corn, rice, barley, vegetables, beans, wheat
What classification of carbogydrates define the single sugar units of glucose, fructose, and galactose and represent the absorbable forms of carbohydrates for the body?
monosaccharides
What classification of carbohydrates define pairs of sugar units. The three nutritionally important ones to humans are sucrose, maltose, and lactose?
disaccharides
What classification of carbohydrates
define glucose chains longer than 10 units in length, but they can be as large as several thousand glucose units in length.
What are collectively known as simple sugars?
monosaccharides, disaccharides
What are oligosaccarides?
They define sugar units ranging from 3 to 10 units in length and are largely indigestible to humans.
Once absorbed, carbohydrates can be __ as a source of fuel or can be stored as __ in specific cells.
used immeditately, glycogen
What is the only absorbably form of carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
What are the three nutritionally important monosaccharides to humans? (hydrocarbons)
glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharides are comprise of which three nutritionally important molecules?
sucros, lactose, maltose
What is sucrose comprised of?
one glucose molecule joined with one fructose molecule; cane sugar, brown sugar, date sugar; primary sugar in most fruits
What is lactose comprised of?
one glucose molecules joined with one glactose molecule; dairy
What is maltose comprised of?
two glucose molecules; corn syrup, brown rice syrup, molasses
Oligosaccharides are also referred to as __ and include legumes, and plant sources that contain glucose, frutose, and/or glactose
prebiotics
What is a straight-chain and digestible form of starch containing glucose molecules?
amylose
What is a branched-chain and digestible form of starch containing glucose molecules?
amyplopectic
How are polysaccharide chains arranged?
amylsoe, amylopectic, fiber (block)
What is a soluble fiber? Examples.
a type of dietary fiber that dissolves in water to form a gel, asociate with heart health benefits to glucose control; oatmeal, beans, sweet potatoes
What benefits come from a high fiber diet?
weight loss; reducing risk of cardiovascular disease; bowel movement and intestinal health; diabetes protetion; improved absorption of foods
