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Flashcards in Common surgical problems in neonates Deck (24)
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1
Q

what is perforation of the bowels in babies called

A

necrotising enterocolitis

2
Q

what does necrotising enterocolitis look like on an X-ray

A

distended abdomen
gas in the bowels
loops of bowel?

3
Q

why does necrotising enterocolitis occur and who is more prone to this

A

premature babies/small babies as the bowels aren’t meant to be used yet so they can’t cope

4
Q

what kind of problem is necrotising enterocolitis - acquired or genital

A

acquired

5
Q

what is a congenital obstruction in the lumen

A

meconium ileus

6
Q

what is meconium ileus

A

meconium gets stuck in the terminal ileum causing obstruction

7
Q

signs of baby with meconium ileus

A

not keen to feed, may be vomiting, not emptying bowels, slightly distended abdomen, no meconium or little bits of it for 48 hours

8
Q

when should meconium be out by

A

within 48 hours

9
Q

investigation for meconium ileus and what does it show

A

contrast enema
distended abdomen
loops of bowel that don’t have any contrast in it and are very distended - before the blockage - filled with air
descending colon is narrow and solid

10
Q

why is meconium ileus a worrying thing

A

1/3 of children with CF present with this

11
Q

treatment of meconium ileus

A

the contrast itself can cause the meconium to pass
another contrast can be done
if this does not work then laparotomy - bring the bowel out as a temporary stoma

12
Q

what is atresia

A

an obstruction in the wall - somewhere in the bowel

13
Q

when is atresia picked up and what is seen

A

during pregnancy - seen on scans as a loop of bowel which is getting bigger - loops of bowel are massive

14
Q

signs of atresia

A

bowel is distended

baby won’t want to feed and is vomiting

15
Q

treatment of atresia

A

surgery

16
Q

obstruction outside the wall such as a

A

hernia - congenital in kids

17
Q

what is the most common congenital hernia in children

A

an inguinal hernia - loop of bowel has moved into the groin area due to the weakness of the inguinal canal

18
Q

investigation for hernias

A

not necessary

19
Q

how are congenital hernias treated when presented

A

as emergencies
try and reduce
surgery

20
Q

colour of the vomit if malrotation

A

green - like fairy liquid

21
Q

investigation in malrotation

A

contrast enema via mouth

22
Q

wat artery can be pinched in malrotation

A

superior mesenteric artery

23
Q

a baby vomiting green is what

A

malrotation until a enema proves otherwise

24
Q

why does malrotation occur

A

in utero at one point the gut sits outside the body - physiological hernia and then moves back in
sometimes it doesn’t move in properly leading to malrotation