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Flashcards in HIV 2 Deck (10)
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1
Q

purpose for anti retroviral therapy

A

reduce viral load to undetectable
restore immunocompetence
reduce morbidity and mortality
minimise toxicity

2
Q

what is the definition of HAART

A

combination of 3 drugs from at least two drug classes

3
Q

examples of three drugs and their drug classes

how are they given

A

Tenofovir (NtRTI)
Emtricitabine (NRTI)
Efavirenz (NNTRI)

one tablet taken daily once

4
Q

preventing drug resistance

A
adherence 
lifestyle 
tolerability 
pharmacokinetics
drug-drug interactions
treatment interruptions
5
Q

HAART side effects

A

GI - protease inhibitors
Skin - rash, hs, SJS for abacavir, nevi rapine
CNS - mood, psychosis - efacirenz
Renal toxicity - proximal renal tubulopathies - tenofovir, atazanavir
Bone - osteomalacia - tenofovir
CVS - increased MI risk - abacavir, lopinavir, maraviroc
Haem - anaemia - zidovudine
GI - transaminitis, fulminant hep - nevi rapine, and most other

6
Q

Drug classes of HAART

A

reverse transcripterase
Integrase
Protease
Entry - fusion, CCR5 receptor

7
Q

drug - drug interactions

A

protease inhibitors generally potent liver enzyme inhibitors
NNRTIs are generally potent liver enzyme inducers

8
Q

Prevention of onward HIV transmission

A

sexual: condom use, HIV treatment, STI screening and treatment, sero adaptive sexual behaviours, disclosure, post exposure prophylaxis, pre exposure prophylaxis

9
Q

conception options for px with HIV

A

both have HIV - times unprotected sex with HAART, treatment as prevention

HIV + female and HIV - male - self insemination, timed unprotected sex with HAART, treatment as prevention

10
Q

prevention of MTCT

A
HAART during preg
vaginal delivery if load undetectable 
C section if detected viral load
4/52 PEP for neonate 
exclusive formula feeding