Healthy term infant ix

Question 1

average male at 28 weeks weight what and is what percent fat

Answer 1

1150g

3.5% fat

Question 2

average male at term weight what and is what percent fat

Answer 2

3550g

15% fat

Question 3

what is the daily weight gain in third trimester

Answer 3

24g

Question 4

normal weight of babies

Answer 4

2.5-4kg
>4kg large for gestational age
<2.5kg small for gestational age

Question 5

triggers of delivery

Answer 5

maternal

fetal, size, hormonal

Question 6

how does a baby survive labour

hypoxia environment

Answer 6

during contractions is by fetal hb releasing oxygen

Question 7

what can prolonged labour of

Answer 7

reduce fetal reserves

Question 8

what hormones enhance adaption

Answer 8

increased cortisol and adrenaline

Question 9

what happens during the first few minutes

Answer 9

first breath/cry
alveolar expansion 
decreased pulmonary arterial pressure
change form fetal to newborn circulation 
increased carbon dioxide
apgar score

Question 10

what is the normal baby heart rate

Answer 10

120-160

Question 11

incidence of haemolytic newborn disease
potential morbidity
treatment
risk

Answer 11

rare
2 in 1000

GI, lungs, CNS

vitamin K IM or oral

breast fed babies have a higher risk than formula fed babies

Question 12

what is haemolytic disease of the newborn

Answer 12

disorder of blotting - cannot produce enough factors and can present with bleeding in lots of different organs

Question 13

why is vitamin K IM preferred over oral

Answer 13

IM leaves a depo which can be absorbed over a month - if given orally more doses have to be given

Question 14

what is the mum screened for in terms of infections

Answer 14

hep B
hep C
HIV
TB
croup B strep
syphilis 
gonococcus

Question 15

infant vaccinations

Answer 15

hep B at birth
BCG in the first month
routine vaccinations 8 weeks
maternal whooping cough and flu vaccines

Question 16

screening tests

Answer 16

guthrie card
universal hearing screening
hip screening clinical and USS

Question 17

what is on a guthrie card/blood spot card

Answer 17

CF
hypothyroid
MCCAD
PKU

Question 18

what may be seen on examination of the head

Answer 18

OFC
moulding 
overlapping sutures
fontanelles
cephalohaemtaoma 
caput succedaneum - generalised swelling of the head
ventouse/forceps marks

Question 19

what should the eyes be checked for

Answer 19

size
red reflex for congenital cataracts
conjunctival haemorrhage
squints - frequent

Question 20

how should the ears be examined

Answer 20

position
external auditory canal
family history for HL
tags/pits

Question 21

mouth examination

Answer 21

shape
philtrum 
tongue tie 
palate 
neonatal teeth 
ebstains pearls 
sucking/rooting reflex

Question 22

face examination

Answer 22

facial palsy

fetal alcohol syndrome - hard to spot

Question 23

respiratory examination

Answer 23

chest shape 
nasal flaring 
grunting 
tachypnoea 
in drawing 
breath sounds

Question 24

CVS examination

Answer 24

colour 
sats 
pulses - femoral one
apex/thrills
heart sounds

Question 25

abd exam

Answer 25

``` moves with respiration distension bile stained vom passage of meconium anus ```

Question 26

genitourinary exam

Answer 26

normal passage of urine normla genitalia undescended testes hypospadius

Question 27

MSK exam

Answer 27

``` limbs and digits movements contractures spine sacral dimples hip exam - ortolani/barlow ```

Question 28

neurological exam

Answer 28

posture tone movement reflexes

Question 29

skin exam

Answer 29

``` dryness/cracking milia birth marks erythema toxic capillary hermangiomas ```

Question 30

health promotions for parent

Answer 30

smoking alcohol drug use diet