Contraception

Question 1

Disadvantages to barrier methods

Answer 1

not as effective as hormonals; efficacy dependent on consistent and correct use

Question 2

Yuzpe regimen

Answer 2

2 doses of high concentration birth control pills

Question 3

What is the time limit on insertion of an IUD after coitus?

Answer 3

5 days

Question 4

How long does a copper IUD last?

Answer 4

12 years

Question 5

T/F A copper IUD is immediately reversible.

Answer 5

T

Question 6

What % of unintended pregnancies are avoided with EC?

Answer 6

75%

Question 7

Progestin only pill

Answer 7

Plan B

Question 8

Progesterone receptor modulator whose likely main effect is to inhibit or delay ovulation.

Answer 8

Ella

Question 9

Ella is FDA approved for ___ days after sex.

Answer 9

5 days

Question 10

MOA Progestin

Answer 10

inhibits LH surge and subsequent ovulation, thickens cervical mucus, decreases estrogen-driven cell proliferation, converts reproductive tissues from proliferative modes to functional modes

Question 11

T/F cervical mucus is ineffective in preventing fertilization

Answer 11

F –> extremely effective –> much to do with the timing in natural family planning

Question 12

MOA Estrogen OC

Answer 12

inhibits FSH surge and subsequent follicle development, may inhibit ovulation, thins cervical mucus, increases endometrial proliferation

Question 13

Synthetic progestins are derived from ____

Answer 13

testosterone

Question 14

Classes of progestins

Answer 14

testosterone derived estranes and gonanes; progesterone derived pregnanes, spirolactones, and anti-progestins

Question 15

____ is an injectible progestin-only birth control derived from _____

Answer 15

Depo Provera/DMPA from progesterone

Question 16

DMPA must be injected every ___ months

Answer 16

3

Question 17

Main side effects of DMPA

Answer 17

weight gain, menstrual changes, injection every 3 months

Question 18

T/F DMPA reduces risk of endometrial cancer

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Drosperinone

Answer 19

used in Yaz/Yazmin

Question 20

Estranes

Answer 20

earliest class of progestins; norethindrone

Question 21

Gonanes

Answer 21

Levonorgestrel family

Question 22

Pharmacologic effects of progestins

Answer 22

modify mid cycle surges of lh/fsh –> inhibit ovulation, diminish ovarian hormon production, endometrail and cervical mucus changes

Question 23

Higher bioavailability permits higher/lower dose

Answer 23

lower

Question 24

Effect of combination OC on androgen pathways

Answer 24

metabolized by liver –> sex hormone binding globulin increases –> more bound testosterone –> less free serum testosterone –> less binding // direct suppression of testosterone production by ovaries

Question 25

Which of these are effects of hormonal contraception? decreased menstrual flow, improved anemia, suppressed ovarian cysts,decreased acne, cancer protection

Answer 25

all of the above

Question 26

T/F The cyclic bleeding from birth control is non-ovulatory.

Answer 26

T --> withdrawal bleeding (cultural)

Question 27

Contraceptive patch

Answer 27

transdermal patch with combined estrogen/progestin --> not effective in obese

Question 28

T/F vaginal ring is a local delivery mechanism

Answer 28

F --> hormones absorb across vaginal mucosa and act centrally

Question 29

Merena/skyla are ____ intrauterine systems.

Answer 29

levonorgestrel --> 5 year release

Question 30

Cardiovascular risks of oc is due to progestin/estrogen.

Answer 30

estrogen but still low b/c has to do with interaction with other conditions