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Male Sex Hormones Flashcards

(20 cards)

1
Q

Which androgens do the testes produce?

A

testosterone and DHT

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2
Q

Which androgens do the adrenals produce?

A

androstenedione and DHEA

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3
Q

Potent androgens derive from the ____ and weak androgens derive from the _____

A

testes and adrenals

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4
Q

____ converts testosterone to 5alpha DHT

A

5alpha reductase

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5
Q

65% of circulating testosterone is bound to ____

A

SHBG (and 33% to albumin)

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6
Q

Testosterone conversion to estradiol occurs in ___ and __ by aromatase

A

adipose and liver

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7
Q

For complete activity the androgen receptor-ligand complex must bind a coactivator called _____

A

ARA70

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8
Q

T/F both AR-testosterone and AR-DHT bind ARA70

A

T

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9
Q

T/F tissue specific coactivators/repressors may modulate agonist/antagonist effect of ligand receptor complexes

A

T –> i.e. ARA70 not bound in the presence of anti-androgen 4HFT

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10
Q

Functions of testosterone

A

sex drive, performance, muscle, penis growth, vocal cord, spermatogenesis

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11
Q

Functions of DHT

A

hair, acne, hair recesion, prostate enlargmenet, skeletal growth, lean body mass, EPO, reduced HDL

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12
Q

Indications for androgen replacement therapy

A

hypogonadism, aging males

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13
Q

Tx of anemia

A

can use androgens to promote EPO but synthetic EPO has reduced this use

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14
Q

Tx of catabolic disorders associated with long term illness, post surgical state

A

use of androgens can increase protein anabolism

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15
Q

____ androgens are used for anabolic effect.

A

Complete

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16
Q

Esterification of the ____ position is characteristic of medical androgens and ____ is characteristic of androgens with pronounced anabolic properties used by athletes.

A

17beta vs 17alpha

17
Q

____ inhibits 5alpha reductase

A

Finasteride –> reduces production of DHT

18
Q

Indications of finasteride

A

reduce male pattern baldness (but not as good as a prostaglandin D2 antagonist), reduce acne (experimental), reduce prostate size

19
Q

Two isoforms of 5alpha reductase

A

2 has high expression in prostate, hair follicles –> potent inhibition by finasteride

20
Q

___ is an androgen receptor antagonist and stops ARA70 from binding

A

flutamide –> prostate cancer