Male Sex Hormones Flashcards
(20 cards)
Which androgens do the testes produce?
testosterone and DHT
Which androgens do the adrenals produce?
androstenedione and DHEA
Potent androgens derive from the ____ and weak androgens derive from the _____
testes and adrenals
____ converts testosterone to 5alpha DHT
5alpha reductase
65% of circulating testosterone is bound to ____
SHBG (and 33% to albumin)
Testosterone conversion to estradiol occurs in ___ and __ by aromatase
adipose and liver
For complete activity the androgen receptor-ligand complex must bind a coactivator called _____
ARA70
T/F both AR-testosterone and AR-DHT bind ARA70
T
T/F tissue specific coactivators/repressors may modulate agonist/antagonist effect of ligand receptor complexes
T –> i.e. ARA70 not bound in the presence of anti-androgen 4HFT
Functions of testosterone
sex drive, performance, muscle, penis growth, vocal cord, spermatogenesis
Functions of DHT
hair, acne, hair recesion, prostate enlargmenet, skeletal growth, lean body mass, EPO, reduced HDL
Indications for androgen replacement therapy
hypogonadism, aging males
Tx of anemia
can use androgens to promote EPO but synthetic EPO has reduced this use
Tx of catabolic disorders associated with long term illness, post surgical state
use of androgens can increase protein anabolism
____ androgens are used for anabolic effect.
Complete
Esterification of the ____ position is characteristic of medical androgens and ____ is characteristic of androgens with pronounced anabolic properties used by athletes.
17beta vs 17alpha
____ inhibits 5alpha reductase
Finasteride –> reduces production of DHT
Indications of finasteride
reduce male pattern baldness (but not as good as a prostaglandin D2 antagonist), reduce acne (experimental), reduce prostate size
Two isoforms of 5alpha reductase
2 has high expression in prostate, hair follicles –> potent inhibition by finasteride
___ is an androgen receptor antagonist and stops ARA70 from binding
flutamide –> prostate cancer
