Prostate Pathology Flashcards
(38 cards)
4 components of glandular compartment of prostate
peripheral, central, transitional, periurethral
non glandular compartments of prostate
anterior fibromuscular stroma, preprostatic sphincter
the ____ is anteriorly concave
urethra
The ejaculatory duct passes through the ____ zone.
central
The prostatic urethra passes through the ____ zone
transitional zone
70-80% of prostate cancers arise from the ____ zone
peripheral
T/F Some prostatic cancers arise in the central zone.
F –> cancers do not arise in central zone…only secondarily involved
Benign prostatic hyperplasia localizes to the ___ zone which is also where ____ % of cancers arise
transition and 10-20%
2 layers of prostatic duct lobules
secretory cells (cuboidal/columnar) and basal cells
nodular prostate enlargement due to cellular proliferations of prostatic glands and stroma associated with lower urinary tract symptoms LUTS
BPH
LUTS
BPH
Pathophysiology of BPH
cellular accumulation of testosterone (especially DHT) and some estrogen; risk factors = age and family history
Most common cause of non-cancerous rise in PSA
BPH
Tx of BPH
alpha andrenergic blocker or 5 alpha reductase inhibitor // surgical is best
Hallmark of BPH
suburethral nodular prostatic enlargement –> centered on proximal urethra and involve transitional and submucosal compartment
Which group has highest incidence of prostate carcinoma
african americans in us
T/F there is a strong association between PCA and diets rich in red meat.
T
Gold standard for prostate cancer identification
needle biopsy
Why is most us PCA asymptomatic?
early id due to screening by PSA
Gold standard for clinical staging of PCA?
digital rectal exam (DRE)
Symptoms of PCA
obstructive bladder symptoms, pelvic pain, bone pain due to mets
___ produces PSA
prostate epithelium produces prostate specific antigen
Cutoff for psa biopsy
4 ng/mL
role of PSA
liquifies semen
