Histology of Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Where in the ovary are follicles found?

Answer 1

cortex/periphery

Question 2

Where are blood vessels in the ovary?

Answer 2

center/medulla

Question 3

2 functions of ovaries

Answer 3

egg and hormone production

Question 4

Germ cell + surrounding cells in ovary

Answer 4

follicle

Question 5

What kind of epithelia surrounds primordial oocytes?

Answer 5

squamous

Question 6

What kind of cells are granulosa cells in primary follicles?

Answer 6

cuboidal

Question 7

After the first meiotic division and division of a polar body, where in the cell cycle is there arrest?

Answer 7

metaphase of meiosis 2

Question 8

The fibrous _______ encapsulates the ovary

Answer 8

tunica albuginea

Question 9

The ______ is between the oocyte and follicular/granulosa cells.

Answer 9

zona pellucida

Question 10

T/F Follicles are vascularized.

Answer 10

F –> protected by basement membrane

Question 11

Theca folliculi differentiates into two layers:

Answer 11

theca interna and externa

Question 12

____ cells secrete androstenedione which is transferred to follicular cells for ____ production which is converted to _____.

Answer 12

theca interna –> testosterone –> estradiol

Question 13

____ is connective tissue capsule-like layer continuous with ovarian stroma.

Answer 13

theca externa

Question 14

The zona granulosa proliferates t oform a fluid space called ____.

Answer 14

follicular antrum

Question 15

secondary follicle is defined by a _____ filled with _____ and _____.

Answer 15

antrum filled with glycosaminoglycans and steroid hormones

Question 16

The mature graafian follicle completes the first meiotic division right before ____

Answer 16

ovulation

Question 17

The fluid filled antrum of a graafian follicle is surrounded by _____

Answer 17

corona radiata

Question 18

Process by which oocyte and granulosa cells degenerate.

Answer 18

atresia

Question 19

T/F atresia can occur at any time

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Early/advanced atresia is characterized by a thickening of hte basement membrane between granulosa cells and theca interna called glassy membrane.

Answer 20

Advanced atresia

Question 21

glassy membrane

Answer 21

advanced atresia

Question 22

In the corpus luteum, follicular/granulosa cells give rise to ______ cells and secrete ____ and ____.

Answer 22

follicular lutein cells and secrete progesterone and estrogen

Question 23

In corpus luteum, theca interna cells give rise to ______ cells and secrete ____ and ____.

Answer 23

theca lutein cells and secrete androgen precursors and progesterone

Question 24

Where in the oviduct is the egg picked up?

Answer 24

infundibulum

Question 25

Where in the oviduct does fertilization take place?

Answer 25

ampulla

Question 26

Where in the oviduct transports a fertilized egg to the uterus?

Answer 26

isthmus and interstitial

Question 27

Which part of the oviduct has vascular supporting tissue?

Answer 27

serosa

Question 28

Mucosal folds of the ___ form a branching core of vascular tissue.

Answer 28

ampulla

Question 29

T/F Oviduct epithelium has both ciliated and non-ciliated cells.

Answer 29

T

Question 30

The ____ cells of the ampulla produce a secretion that is propelled towards the uterus.

Answer 30

non-ciliated --> nutritive and protective function for egg and promotes sperm activation

Question 31

The epithelium of the ampulla is of what kind?

Answer 31

simple columnar

Question 32

The outer layer of the uterus is called ____

Answer 32

outer serosa/adventitia

Question 33

The ____ layer of the uterus is smooth muscle

Answer 33

myometrium

Question 34

The _____ of the uterus consists of epithelium and lamina propia containing simple tubular glands

Answer 34

endometerium

Question 35

2 components of endometrium

Answer 35

basalis and functionalis

Question 36

Which part of endometerium is sloughed off each cycle?

Answer 36

functionalis

Question 37

Which layer of the uterus changes the most during pregnancy?

Answer 37

myometrium

Question 38

During pregnancy, myometrium expands by what processes?

Answer 38

hypertrophy, hyperplasia, increase in collagen

Question 39

The ____ endometrium involves proliferation of stroma and extension of glands to hte surface -- correlated with estrogen release from developing follicles.

Answer 39

proliferative endometrium

Question 40

____ endometrium is marked by ovulation and production of glycogen-rich secretion correlated with progesterone secretion.

Answer 40

secretive endometrium

Question 41

Which layer of the vagina is stratified squamous with a glycogen lamina propria and loose connective tissue?

Answer 41

mucosa

Question 42

Which layer of the vagina has dense connective tissue rich in elastic fibers?

Answer 42

adventitia

Question 43

T/F vagina wall has glands

Answer 43

F --> mucus comes from uterine cervix

Question 44

At what point in time do epithelial cells around ducts in breasts proliferate?

Answer 44

pubery

Question 45

During pregnancy ____ proliferate at the ends of the ducts in breast.

Answer 45

alveoli

Question 46

Milk secretion and accumulation occurs in the alveolar ____.

Answer 46

lumen

Question 47

What products constitute milk produced during lactation?

Answer 47

lipid droplets, caseins, alpha-lactalbumin

Question 48

During lactation, proteins are released into the alveolar lumen by what process?

Answer 48

exocytosis