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dr taher classes HK > cvs 14 > Flashcards

cvs 14 Flashcards

1
Q

partial agonist nictone R

A

verinicline

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2
Q

patial agonist on opiod rec

A

buprenorphine

buterphenol

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3
Q

bblockers with intrinsic sympathomymetic activity

A

Pindolol

acebutolol

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4
Q

Hematuria after DAYS vs WEEKS of infection

A

days — IgA nephropathy

weeks— RPGN

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5
Q

erysipelas vs cellulitis

A

erysipelas —- superficial surface epithelial layers

cellulitis — deeper, painful warm swollen skin inf

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6
Q

unilateral honey crusted lesions

A

impetigo —- GABS s pyogenes

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7
Q

triggers for cellulitis

A

disruption of the skin barrier

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8
Q

cellulitis in s. pyogenes

A

NON purulent

NO fluctuating nodules

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9
Q

cellulitis in staph aureus

A

purulent cellulitis
fluctuating nodules
erythema

can lead to abcess

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10
Q

virulence factor of staph aureus in cellulitis

A

Panton Valentine Leukocidin

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11
Q

virulence factor for GABS strept pyogene that inhibits phagocytosis

A

M protein

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12
Q

IgA protease

A

Strept pneumo
Hemoph
Influenza
Nisseria

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13
Q

protein A

A

staph A

binds Fc of IgG

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14
Q

M protein

A
  • alpha helical coiled protein
  • homology with myosin and tropomyosin (epitope same as host)
  • extends from cell wall and prevents phagctsis
  • classical complement pathway dsnt get activated
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15
Q

valves involved in RF rhematic carditis

A

M A T

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16
Q

antobodies are made against protien M — molecular mimicry — also against…? more specific name

A

N acetyl-beta D glucosamine

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17
Q

name different types of pericarditis

A 
Fibrinous
Serous
Suppurative
Hemorrhagic
Caseous
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18
Q

causes of Fibrinous pericarditis

A

rheumatic fever
SLE
Radiation
post MI

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19
Q

post MI pericarditis can be of two forms which are?

A

1-3 days —neutrophils infiltration — fibrinous

>1 month —- dressler — autoimmune

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20
Q

causes of Serous pericarditis

A

effusion
RFever/SLE
uremia
Viral —– coxsackie – pericarditis myocarditis and endocarditis

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21
Q

causes of suppurative pericarditis

A

BACTERIAL inf

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22
Q

causes of hemorrhagic pericarditis

A

TB
blood
malignancy —– MELANOMA

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23
Q

causes of caseous pericarditis

A

TB

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24
Q

JVP modification in cardiac tamponade

A

loss of Y wave

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25
Q

becks triad

A

hypotension
muffled heart sounds
pulsus pardoxus

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26
Q

what can be some causes of pulsus paradoxus

A 
CAPTO
Croup
Asthma
Pericarditis
Tamponade
Obs sleep apnea
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27
Q

how can asthma lead to pulsus paradoxus

A

obstructive lung dsease—– cor pulmonale

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28
Q

causes of sudden cardiac death

A

V arrythmia
Brugada — AD , pseudo RBB v1-v3, asian mexican
Long long QT synd

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29
Q

RomanoWard syndrome

A

AD

mutation in Ik channels

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30
Q

Jervell and Lnge Nielson synd

A

AR

senosrineural hearing loss

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31
Q

Bcateria that can cause myocarditis

A

Borrelia burdorferi / mycoplasma pneumonia

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32
Q

viruses that can cause myocarditis

A

coxsackie/ adenovirus/ hhv6/ hiv/ parvo b19

33
Q

adenovirus mnemonic

A 
Acute hem cystitis/ acute viral myocarditis
Ds Dna/ Diarrhea
Eye ( pink eye conjunctivitis)
Non enveloped DNA / NEMONIA
O
V
I
R
URTI
S
34
Q

parasitic cause of myocarditis

A

T. cruzi

Toxoplasma gondii

35
Q

histology of viral myocarditis

A

myofibrillary necrosis and inflammatory cells LYMPHOCYTES MACROPHAGES

36
Q

what growth media is used for mycoplasma

A

EATON agar

cholestrol … fried egg app

37
Q

M pneumonia has an additional finding of ?

A

diarrhea

38
Q

organisms with not a rigid cell wall

A 
Chlamydia
Ricketsia ricketsie
Ehrlichia
Anaplasma
Mycoplasma/ureaplasme
39
Q

treatmetn for atypicals

A

Macrolides — block translocation

tetracyclines —- inhibit aminoacyl t rna sythesis at A site

40
Q

what antigen is present on mycoplasma>

where else can u find this antigen

A

I antigen an oligosaccharide

on RBCS

41
Q

mechanism of AIHA in mycoplasma

A

IgM antibodies are made against the I antigen
whch is also presnt on RBCs
this causes RBC damage

normocytic anemia with reticulocyte count>3

42
Q

specific mannifestations of chagas

A

T cruzi
vector —- reduvid bug , kissing bug coz painless
Romana sign — periorbital edema
dialated CM
mega esoph — achalasia— myenteric auerbach plexs
mega colon

43
Q

which bug has a painful insect bite

A

TSE TSE fly

T. BRUCEI

44
Q

what can be seen on microscopy of t cruzi

A

mastigoites

tropomastigoites

45
Q

treatment for t cruzi

A

benznidazol

nifurtimox

46
Q

toxoplasma gondi is heterophile ..?

A

-VE

47
Q

toxoplasmosis mannifestations

A

MRI — multiple ring enhancing lesions
mononucleosis like symptms
cat feces contain toxoplasmosis

48
Q

congenital toxoplasmosis

A 
obligate intracellular protozoa
TRIAD-
choriretinitis
hydrocephalus
intracranial calcifications ----- can lead to seizures
49
Q

new born baby has triad of
catarct, deafness and machine like murmur
mother has - multiple joint pain

A

RUBELLA

50
Q

seizures chorioretinitis and periventricular calcifications

A

CMV

51
Q

treatment of toxoplasmosis

A

Pyrimethamine ( DHFR -)

Sulfadiazine ( dihydropteroate synthase -)

52
Q

connection from lateral ventricles to third V

A

foramen MONRO

53
Q

3rd to fourth V

A

cerebral acqueduct

54
Q

other causes of Myocarditis

A

RF
SLE
KAWASAKI

55
Q

drugs taht can cause RF

A

Doxo / Dano
cocaine
trastuzumab

56
Q

what is special about transtuzumab

A

reversible damage to heart

57
Q

normal function of HER 2 neu

A

reduces oxidative stress

58
Q

Libman sac endocarditis

A

in SLE
Both sides of the valve
SLE —-> LSE —–> shrinking lung syndrome

fibrosis of the pleura tooo

59
Q

other findings in RF excet JONES

A

subcutaneous nodules
erythema marginatum — margins form a ring

syndenham chorea— choreiform movements

60
Q

specific txt for syndenham chorea

A

haloperidol

antipsychotic

61
Q

prevention of RF can be done by

A

penicillin

62
Q

histo of RF can show

A

aschoff bodies —- granulomatous GIANT cells

with wavy ribbon/ rod shaped nuclei —- anitshkow cells

also a +ve ASO titre

63
Q

chronic rheumatic fever can lead to

A

endocarditis

64
Q

GABS can cause PSGN too

can this be prevented by penicllin

A

nO

65
Q

type III hypersensitivity reaction

A 
SHARP
SLE / serum sickness
HSP / HSPN
Arthus reaction
RPGN
PSGN/PAN
66
Q

two conditions that are SEVERE in adults but not so severe in children

A

RPGN

ITP

67
Q

what is the immunofluorescence apperance in RPGN

A

lump bumpy
starry sky

deposition of IgG IgM and C3b ALLONG the basement membrane

consumes C3 and cola colour urine

68
Q

subepithelial deposits

A

PSGN and membranous

69
Q

subendOthelial

A

DPGN MPGN

70
Q

BERGER disease

A

IgA nephropathy
linked to HSP
DAYS after infection **

MESANGIAL immune complex depositon plus prliferation

71
Q

how is the platelet count in HSP

A

NORMAL

72
Q

SLE can present as nephritic and nephrotic syndreom

A

nephritic —– DPGN

nephrotic —– membranous

73
Q

DPGN plus SLE

A

subendothelial depostis

WIRE LOOP LESIONS

74
Q

splitting of basement mebrane seen in

A

alport

MPGN

75
Q

MPGN has how many types

A

TWO
I—– hepatitis bc
II —- c3 nephritic factor

C3 nephritic factor normally stabilizes the C3 convertase so it keeps the complement cascade inactive —- C3 nephritic factor problem leads to acitvation of cascade and CONSUMPTION OF C3

76
Q

tram track calcification seen in

A

STURGE WEBER synd

77
Q

tram track appearance in

A

MPGN

78
Q

MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY causes

A 
most cmomon 
SLE
HEP B
SYPHILIS
PLP a2 receptor ANTOBODY 
penicillamine
NSAIDS
gold salts

POOR steroid response

79
Q

what kind of deposits are seen in membranous

A

SUBEPITHELIAL

spike and DOME
THICKENING of basement membrane

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