cvs 16

Question 1

adenosine deaminase inhibitor

Answer 1

cladribine
pentostatin

increased level of adenosine is toxic to cells

Question 2

what is cladribine used for

Answer 2

HAIRY cell leukemia

Question 3

what pulse pressure effected by

Answer 3

stroke volume

Question 4

what determines the diastolic pressure

Answer 4

elastic recoil vessels

Question 5

hyperthyroidism effects stroke volume

Answer 5

stroke volume increases

thyroid upregulates B receptors

Question 6

cardiac output 2nd formula

Answer 6

rate of O2 consmp/ arterial oxygen-venous O2

Question 7

MAP formula

Answer 7

DBP+ 1/3 PP

Question 8

decreased pulse pressure seen in

Answer 8

aortic stenosis
CHF
cardiogenic shock
tamponade

Question 9

AGING cardiac changes

Answer 9

calcification thickening of aorta
dec max heart rate
SYSTOLIC htn/ decreased capabilty of workout

Question 10

immune changes in elderly

Answer 10

low lymphocytes

so increased r/o infections and autoimmune disorder

Question 11

gastric changes in elderly

Answer 11

increase in GERD
low GI motility
constipation

Question 12

MSK

Answer 12

MS mass increased

risk of fractures in high — bone mineral loss

Question 13

Nephro

Answer 13

inability to completely empty bladder— r/o infections

decrease the ability to concentrate the urine —- dehydration

Question 14

sensory

Answer 14

EYE – presbyopia—- HARDENING OF LENS

EAR — presbycusis —-

Question 15

Presbycusis

Answer 15

sensorineural hearing loss

HIGH frequency hearing loss —- base of cochlea

Question 16

A. regurgitation

Answer 16

dialation of root
aneurysm ( marfan/ syphilis)
endocarditis
bicuspid aortic valve

Question 17

ortner syndrome

Answer 17

dialation of L atrium

compress of left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 18

L recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates

Answer 18

all intrinsic muscles except CRICOTHYROID

Question 19

L recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates

Answer 19

all intrinsic muscles except CRICOTHYROID

Question 20

PDA loudest at?

Answer 20

left infraclavicular area

loudest during S2

Question 21

congenital form of PDA

Answer 21

RUBELLA togavirus

Question 22

mnemonic for RNA viruses

Answer 22

Arena
Bunya
Calcivirus / coronovirus
Delta
E hep
Flavivirus / filovirus
Picorna / paramyxo
Orthomyxo 
Reovirus/ retrovirus / rhabdo
Togavirus

Question 23

togavirus includes

Answer 23

Rubella
chikungunya
western equinw encephalitis — not HY

Question 24

Rubella mannifestations

Answer 24

maculopapular rash that starts on FACE – spreads down
post auricular lymphadenopathy
arthralgias (adult)

Question 25

congenital rubella

Answer 25

heart-- PDA / pulmonic stenosis ear--- deafness CN VIII eyes --- catarracts ( white pupils) microencephaly and mental retardation

Question 26

blueberry muffin lesions signify

Answer 26

extramedullary hematopoesis

Question 27

all live vaccinations are contraindicated in

Answer 27

pregnant females | immunocompromised

Question 28

chikungunya fever

Answer 28

tropical and subtropical | africa/ asia

Question 29

transmission of chikungunya

Answer 29

aedes mosquito

Question 30

aedes mosquito transmits

Answer 30

chikungunya dengue zika

Question 31

co infections that occur with chikungunya

Answer 31

dengue | zika

Question 32

mannifestations of chikungunya

Answer 32

``` febrile illness rash polyarthritis myalgias conjunctivitis headaches THROMBOCYTOPENIA LYMPHOCYTOPENIA ```

Question 33

txt for chikungnya

Answer 33

can give methotrexate for joint inflammation | but normally subsides 10 days

Question 34

mosquitos act as vector for

Answer 34

``` chikungunya zika dengue malaria west nile virus ```

Question 35

droplets transmit

Answer 35

influenza meningeococcus pertussis adenovirus

Question 36

direct contact

Answer 36

``` inf mononucleus rsv rhinovirus norwalk lymphogranuloma venerum ```

Question 37

airborne (ventillator, aerosols)

Answer 37

tuberculosis pox measels

Question 38

Segmented viruses

Answer 38

``` BOAR Bunya ---- 3 seg Orthomyxo----- 8 seg Arena------ 2 seg Reo --- 12 segments ``` all these go through REASSORTMENT --- antigenic shift

Question 39

arenavirus

Answer 39

2 segments LCMV Lassa fever ----- rodents

Question 40

how does influenza virus bind to the resp epithelial cells

Answer 40

sialic acid residues

Question 41

what does influenza use for invasion

Answer 41

hemaglutinin (surface glycoprotein)

Question 42

antigenic drift is caused by ?

Answer 42

mutations of neuraminidase OR hemaglutinin

Question 43

how do inactivated influenza vaccines work

Answer 43

induce synthesis of antibodies against HEMAGGLUTININ antigen ---- early stage entry

Question 44

influenza can have superinfection with

Answer 44

s. aureus strpt pneumo H. influenza ( cocobacilli)

Question 45

live vaccination for influenza virus

Answer 45

intra NASAL

Question 46

bunya virus

Answer 46

``` 3 segments california virus --- encephalitis hantavirus -----hemorrhagic fever / resp inf sandfly / rift valley fever crimean congo hemorrhagic fever ```

Question 47

Dhey Are Balls

Answer 47

circular SS RNA delta arena bunya