Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

dr taher classes HK > CVS 9 > Flashcards

CVS 9 Flashcards

1
Q

examples of polyenes

A

ampho b nystatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MOA of polyenes

A

pores

binds to ergosterol in cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

polyenes acquire resistance by

A

decreasing the amount of ergosterol

leakage of K+ ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

synergistic action

A

1+1 = 3
NTG + sildenafil
pen+ aminoglycosides
amphob + flucytosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

permissive action of drugs

A

steroids + Epi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

intrathecal amphob is given for

A

cryptococcal meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which drugs MUST BE administered via slow infusion

A

ampho b
vancomycin
(increase histamine if given faster)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tryptophan is used to make ?

A

niacin

5HT serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

niacin synthesis requires which other factors

A

B2 B6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how does niacin affect lipid metabolism?

which other drug does this ?

A

decrease VLDL synthesis and increase HDL

fibrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

malignant PKU is caused by ?

A

phenylalanine hydroxylase def
tyrosine hydroxylase def
tryptophan hydroxylase def

all these require THB and DHBR for synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SE of niacin

A

flushing due to prostaglandin release
hyperglycemia
hyperuricemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

def of B3 niacin

A

diarrhea
dementia
dermatitis (hallucinations)
death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

other condition that has hallucinations + dementia

A

lewy body dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens in HARTNUPS disease

A

AR
transporters in PCT and intestines are effected
loss of neutral Amino Acids —– tryptophan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

can ampho B cross BBB easily?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what kind of supplementation is necessary with ampho B administration ?

A

K+ and Mg+

due to altered renal tubule permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

causes of RTA type 1

A

ampho b
NSAIDS
SLE sjogern
obstructive uropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

RTA type 1
defect?
symptom?

A

defected H+ pump at the lumen membrane
so H+ cannot be secreted
metabolic ACIDOS and hyPOkalemia

normally HYPERKALEMIA is assoc with M.ACIDOSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

SE of ampho b

A 
histamine/fever/chills/muscle rigor ---- shake n bake
increase QT
nephrotoxic --(HYDRATE)
IV phlebitis **
dec EPO ---> anemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why is nystatin not recommended orally

A

increases systemic toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

swish and swallow nystatin used for?

A

oral thrush
CD4 <500 in HIV
asthma (budesonide fluticasone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

treatment for diaper rash and vulvovaginitis

A

nystatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

azoles MOA

A

14 alpha demethyase (lan—> ergo)

desmolase (chols—-> pregnolone)

25
Q

drugs that can cause gynecomastia

A 
DISCKOR
Digitalis
Isoniazid
Spirinolactone
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Oestrogen
Risperidone
26
Q

which azole can cross BBB

A

fluuuuconazole

27
Q

flucanozole used to treat ?

A

esophageal candidiasis (<100)

28
Q

itraconazole variconazole can treat

A

SAB
Sporotrichosis
Aspergillus
Blastomyces

29
Q

itraconazole absp increases with?

A

EATING food

30
Q

ketoconazole is killed by

A

antacids **

31
Q

Topical dermatophyte inf treated by

A

clotrimazole and miconazole

32
Q

isavuconazole is used for

A

serious aspergillus inf and mucor

33
Q

flucytosine MOA

A

inhibits DNA RNA synthesis by conversion to 5FU

conv to 5FU requires cytosine deaminase
5Fu inhibits thymidylate synthase

34
Q

cytosine deamination makes

A

uracil

35
Q

uracil methylation makes

A

thymine

36
Q

IMP AMP stick together and make

A

hypoxanthine

37
Q

GMP guanosine makes

A

xanthine

38
Q

histones are +ve or _ve

A

+ve

39
Q

euchromatin location

A

central

active

40
Q

heterochromatin

A

periphery

inactive

41
Q

DNA methylation can be seen in

A

imprinting
cancer (only tumor suppressor gene like p53)
aging

42
Q

how is gene silencing done?

A

addition of methyl group to adenin or cytosin by SAM (methyl donor)
methylation of cytosine/guanine repeats CPG on promotor —– leads to gene silencing

43
Q

gene silencing is seen in which condition

A

Fragile X CGG repeats

FMR 1 gene

44
Q

histones are synthesized in which phase

A

S phase

45
Q

what type of histone Is present in mitochondria

A

NO histone

46
Q

linker DNA (packing of nucleosome)

A

H1

47
Q

mechanism of allopurinol, febuxostat

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

48
Q

adenonisne deaminase def seen in

A

SCID

49
Q

MOA cladrinine pentostatin

A

inhibit adenosine deaminase

50
Q

HGPRT def

A 
XLR 
Hyperuricemia
Gout
Pissed offf
Retardation
T dystonia
spastic cerebral palsy
early daeth
51
Q

sodium urate crystals in diaper

orange sand in diaper

A

HGPRT def

increase of PRPP

52
Q

aspirin effects in LOW dose and HIGH dose

A 
LOW = increase uric acid in body
HIGH= uricosuric
53
Q

rasburicase and pegloticase

A

break uric acid

54
Q

transketolase requies

A

B1 thiamine

55
Q

ribavirin mechanism of action

A 
CHAIR
Capping of mrna at 5' end - guanyl and methyltransf
Hypermutating HCV 
Antagonises TH2/ increases TH1 (CMI)
Imp dehydrogenase  inhib
RNA polymerase inhibitor
56
Q

purine synthesis needs

A

glutamine
aspartate
glycine

57
Q

pyramidine syhnthesis needs

A

glutamine + CO2
aspartate
uses CPS II

58
Q

leflunomide MOA indication

A

dehydroorate dehydrogenase (carbomylphosphate to oorotic acid)

txt in Rheumatoid arthritis

59
Q

hydroxyurea MOA

A

inhibits ribonucleotide reductase
targets S phase

txt for sickle cell anemia
myeloprolif disorders

dr taher classes HK (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions