DERM - Introduction to dermatology

Question 1

what is the atopic triad?

Answer 1

• asthma
• allergies
• atopic dermatitis

Question 2

what are the flat lesions? how are they differentiated?

Answer 2

• macule: under 1 cm

- patch: over 1 cm

Question 3

what are the raised, solid lesions? how are they differentiated?

Answer 3

• papule: under 1 cm
• nodule: over 1 cm
• tumor: over 2 cm
• plaque: over 1 cm FLAT topped (“plateau”)

Question 4

what are the raised fluild filled lesions? how are the differentiated?

Answer 4

• vesicles: clear fluid, under 1 cm
• bulla: clear fluid, over 1 cm
• pustule: white fluid, filled with pus

Question 5

are telangiectasias blanchable or non-blanchable?

Answer 5

blanchable

Question 6

definition: erosion

Answer 6

loss of epidermis, depression in skin, heals WITHOUT scar

Question 7

definition: scale

Answer 7

flake or plates of skin

Question 8

what is used to visualize tinea versicolor?

Answer 8

woods light

Question 9

spaghetti and meatballs appearance on woods light - diagnosis?

Answer 9

tinea versicolor

Question 10

what is the organism responsible for tinea versicolor?

Answer 10

malassezia furfur

Question 11

malassezia furfur is responsible for what condition?

Answer 11

tinea versicolor

Question 12

what is the treatment for tinea versicolor?

Answer 12

ketoconazole shampoo, topical antifungals

Question 13

what is the mechanism of action of topical steroids?

Answer 13

• inhibition of NF-kB, suppressing both B and TC function

- no cytokine transcription

Question 14

are imidazoles fungistatic or fungicidal?

Answer 14

fungistatic (azoles!)

Question 15

are allylamines fungistatic or fungicidal?

Answer 15

fungicidal

Question 16

are polyenes fungistatic or fungicidal?

Answer 16

fungicidal

Question 17

are allylamines better for dermatophytes or candida?

Answer 17

dermatophytes

Question 18

are polyenes better for dermatophytes or candida?

Answer 18

candida

Question 19

what is the MOA of the imidazoles?

Answer 19

• inhibit 14-a-demethylase
• stops lanosterol from forming ergosterol
• p450 enzyme inhibitors**

Question 20

what are the side effects of the imidazoles?

Answer 20

• antiandrogen
• liver toxicity
• drug interactions

Question 21

what is the MOA of the allylamines?

Answer 21

inhibit squalene epoxidase

Question 22

what are the side effects of the allylamines and polyenes?

Answer 22

• taste deficiency
• liver toxicity
• HA
• GI

Question 23

what are the first generation antihistamines?

Answer 23

• diphenhydramine
• hydroxyzine
• chlorpheniramine

Question 24

what are the second generation antihistamines?

Answer 24

• cetirizine
• loratidine
• fexofenadine (best for itch)

Question 25

which antihistamine is best for itch?

Answer 25

fexofenadine

Question 26

what is ranitidine used for? what is the MOA?

Answer 26

- GERD | - H2 blocker

Question 27

what is the target for psoriasis medication?

Answer 27

inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation

Question 28

what are the psoriasis meds?

Answer 28

- coal tar - tazarotene - vitamin D analogs

Question 29

what are the most specific antibodies for lupus?

Answer 29

- anti dsDNA | - anti smith

Question 30

what are the common causes of death in lupus patients?

Answer 30

1. CV 2. infection 3. renal disease

Question 31

which drugs can cause SLE?

Answer 31

- sulfa - hydralazine - INH - procainamide - phenytoin - etanercept