R/O - Avascular necrosis, fractures, infection

Question 1

where does ewings sarcoma occur in bone ?

Answer 1

diaphysis

Question 2

where does chondrosarcoma occur in bone?

Answer 2

• pelvis
• vertebral bodies
• metaphysis

Question 3

where does osteosarcoma occur in bone?

Answer 3

physis

Question 4

where do giant cell tumors occur in bone?

Answer 4

epiphysis

Question 5

where in the body do osteomas usually occur?

Answer 5

cortical bones of skull and face

Question 6

which is larger - osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma?

Answer 6

osteoblastoma

Question 7

which is relieved by aspirin - osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma?

Answer 7

osteoid osteoma

Question 8

which are painful - osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma or both?

Answer 8

both

Question 9

osteoblastomas occur in the _________

Answer 9

vertebral column

Question 10

what is the histological appearance of osteoblastomas and osteoid osteomas?

Answer 10

interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts, loose CT tissue stroma (no marrow elements), may see giant cells

Question 11

osteosarcomas are mesenchymal tumors that produce _________

Answer 11

osteoid

Question 12

what is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone?

Answer 12

osteosarcoma

Question 13

in order to diagnose osteosarcoma, you MUST observe ___________

Answer 13

osteoid

Question 14

osteosarcomas usually arise in what region of the bone?

Answer 14

metaphysis of long bones of the extremities

Question 15

what is the pathophysiology of osteosarcoma?

Answer 15

destroys cortex

• extends inward into marrow cavity
• extends outward to adjacent soft tissues

Question 16

does osteosarcoma produce lytic, blastic, or both types of lesions?

Answer 16

both

Question 17

codman triangle is seen in what bone tumor?

Answer 17

osteosarcoma

Question 18

what is the XR appearance of osteochondroma?

Answer 18

polypoid growth (mushroom)

Question 19

in which part of the bone do osteochondromas usually arise?

Answer 19

metaphysis, near epiphyseal plate

Question 20

chondromas are benign tumors of ________ cartilage

Answer 20

hyaline

Question 21

ENchondromas are chondromas that are confined to what cavity?

Answer 21

medullary cavity

Question 22

where in the body are enchondromas usually found? which part of the bone?

Answer 22

• hands and feet (Ollier disease)

- metaphysis

Question 23

what is the XR appearance of chondromas?

Answer 23

well defined with stippled calcium

Question 24

where in the body do chondrosarcomas arise?

Answer 24

• pelvic bones

- axial skeleton

Question 25

prognosis of chondrosarcomas depends on what pathologic tumor feature?

Answer 25

grade

Question 26

ewing sarcoma tumors are derived from what precursor cell?

Answer 26

multipotent mesenchymal stem cell

Question 27

where in the body do ewing sarcomas arise?

Answer 27

diaphysis

Question 28

ewing sarcomas are __________ (differentiated / undifferentiated), whereas primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are ______________ (differentiated / undifferentiated)

Answer 28

- ewing: undifferentiated | - PNET: neural differentiated

Question 29

which displays homer rosette histology - ewing sarcoma or PNET?

Answer 29

PNET

Question 30

what is the translocation seen in ewings sarcoma?

Answer 30

t(11, 22)(q24, q12)

Question 31

ewings sarcomas stain positive for what markers?

Answer 31

- PAS | - CD99

Question 32

histology: sheets of uniform, undifferentiated small round "blue" cells

Answer 32

ewings sarcoma

Question 33

histology: cells form prominent home wright rosettes with central fibrillary cores

Answer 33

PNET

Question 34

fibrous cortical defects occur in what part of the bone?

Answer 34

metaphysis

Question 35

what types of cells are seen histologically in fibrous cortical defects?

Answer 35

multinucleated giant cells and fibroblasts

Question 36

histology: curvilinear spicules of immature woven bone ("Chinese characters")

Answer 36

fibrous dysplasia

Question 37

fibrous dysplasia occurs in what part of the bone?

Answer 37

diaphysis

Question 38

giant cell tumors of bone are aka:

Answer 38

osteoclastoma

Question 39

giant cell tumors of bone (osteoclastomas) arise in what part of the bone and body?

Answer 39

epiphyses of long bones around knee, proximal humerus, distal radius

Question 40

what are the benign and malignant tumors for cell origin type: bone cell

Answer 40

- benign: osteoma, osteoid osteoma | - malignant: osteosarcoma

Question 41

what are the benign and malignant tumors for cell origin type: cartilage

Answer 41

- benign: chondroma | - malignant: chondrosarcoma

Question 42

what are the benign and malignant tumors for cell origin type: osteoblasts

Answer 42

- benign: giant cell tumors (90%) | - malignant: giant cell tumors (10%)

Question 43

what are the benign and malignant tumors for cell origin type: fibroblasts?

Answer 43

- benign: fibrous dysplasia / fibroma | - malignant: fibrosarcoma

Question 44

which is more common - metastatic tumors to bone or primary?

Answer 44

metastatic (20x)

Question 45

most metastatic bone lesions are _____________ (lytic / blastic)

Answer 45

osteolytic