Exam 3 - Chapter 12: Female reproductive system (by term) Flashcards
(163 cards)
1
Q
Graafian follicles
A
small sacks in the ovaries from which the eggs derive. These structures rupture to release the egg (this rupture is called ovulation)
2
Q
corpus luteum
A
empty egg follicle that releases estrogen and progesterone. Degenerates at the end of the cycle.
3
Q
Fallopian tubes
A
joins the ovary to the uterus
4
Q
fimbriae
A
fingerlike projection in the Fallopian tube that propel the egg to the uterus
5
Q
fundus
A
the topmost part of the uterus
6
Q
body
A
the middle of the uterus
7
Q
cervix
A
the lower part or “neck” of the uterus
8
Q
Bartholin glands
A
lubricate the vagina during sexual excitement
9
Q
tunica uterus
A
thin membrane surrounding the uterus
10
Q
lobules
A
milk producing glands. There are generally 15 to 20 of them per breast
11
Q
lactiferous duct
A
the duct that takes the milk from the breast to the surface for lactation
12
Q
menarche
A
the first menstrual cycle of a woman
13
Q
cycle step: menstrual
A
days 1 to 5. The endometrium sloughs off
14
Q
cycle step: ovulatory
A
days 6 to 14. Endometrium thickens, ova mature and ovum released
15
Q
cycle step: postovulatory
A
days 15 to 28. Hormones secreted by corpus luteum stimulate
16
Q
amenorrhea
A
the year long time without a menstrual cycle that marks the start of menopause
17
Q
amni/o
A
combining form for the amniotic sac
18
Q
colp/o
A
combining form of vagina
19
Q
galact/o
A
(1 of 2) combining form of milk
20
Q
lact/o
A
(1 of 2) combining form of milk
21
Q
gynec/o
A
combining form for woman
22
Q
metri/o
A
combining form of uterus
23
Q
mast/o
A
combining form of breast
24
Q
men/o
A
combining form of menstruation
25
metr/o
combining form meaning either uterus or measurement
26
oophor/o
combining form of ovary
27
perine/o
combining form of the perineum
28
salping/o
combining form of Fallopian tube
29
-arche
suffix for beginning
30
-cyesis
suffix for pregnancy
31
-gravita
suffix for pregnant woman
32
-para
suffix for "to bear offspring" but is usually used to describe the number of successful births
33
-salpinx
suffix for the Fallopian tube
34
-tocia
suffix for childbirth or labor
35
-version
suffix for twisting or turning
36
ante-
prefix meaning "with difficulty"
37
primi-
prefix meaning "first"
38
dysmenorrhea
painful mentstrual cycles
39
metrorrhagia
irregular bleeding between menstrual periods
40
menorrhagia
excessive flow during the menstrual cycle itself
41
hypermenorrhea
excessive flow during menstrual cycle
42
endometriosis
functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterus
43
vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
44
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
45
candidiasis
a yeast infection
46
trichomoniasis
vaginal infection caused by a protozoa
47
nulliparous
a woman who has never born a child
48
atresia
congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening (in the female reproductive sense, possibly the absence of a vagina)
49
choriocarcinoma
malignant neoplasm of the uterus
50
dyspareunia
painful intercourse
51
endocervicitis
inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix
52
retroversion
a "turning backwards," when the uterus slips into the wrong orientation
53
abrupto placentae
a breaking away of the placenta; a premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor.
54
breech presentation
the butt or the feet of the fetus present first before the head during birth
55
eclampsia
blood poisoning during pregnancy
56
ectopic pregnancy
fertilized ovum implants anywhere other than the uterine lining
57
placenta previa
when the placenta is attached to or covers the cervical canals.
58
intrauterine device
birth control device inside the uterus (t shaped oftentimes)
59
cerclage
when the cervix is sutured to prevent premature dilation during pregnancy
60
colpocleisis
when the vagina is closed
61
conization
the taking of a cone-shaped tissue sample
62
cordocentesis
taking a sample from the umbilical cord for testing
63
laparoscopy
making an incision and inserting a camera device, rather than going through a body tube
64
mastectomy
surgical removal of a breast
65
mammoplasty
surgical repair or reconstruction of the breast
66
colposcopy
having a look around the vagina
67
insufflation
introducing air into a structure to help with visuals
68
pelvimetry
measurement of the pelvis
69
gestation
length of time from conception to birth
70
orifice
mouth, entrance, or outlet of any anatomical structure
71
parturition
another name for "childbirth"
72
embryo
During gestation, the product of conception is referred to as this from conception up until the third month
73
fetus
During gestation, the product of conception is referred to as this from the third month up until delivery
74
How many stages does labor occur in? And what are the names of the stages?
Stage 1: Stage of Dilation
Stage 2: Stage of expulsion
Stage 3: Placental Stage (afterbirth)
75
amenorrhea
the technical term for the absence of menstrual flow
76
climacteric
the period in a woman's life when she approaches menopause
77
vaginal atrophy
the drying and thinning out of the vagina that occurs during menopause
78
colp/o
one of two combining forms for the word "vagina"
79
vagin/o
one of two combining forms for the word "vagina"
80
gynec/o
combining form of "woman" or "female"
81
hyster/o
one of three combining forms of "uterus"
82
metri/o
one of three combining forms of "uterus"
83
uter/o
one of three combining forms of "uterus"
84
mamm/o
(1 of 2) combining form of "breast"
85
mast/o
(2 of 2) combining form of "breast"
86
men/o
combining form of "menses" or "menstruation"
87
metr/o
combining form of "uterus" specifically "womb"
88
nat/o
combining form of "birth"
89
oophor/o
(1 of 2) combining form of "ovary"
90
ovari/o
(2 of 2) combining form of "ovary"
91
perine/o
combining form of "perineum"
92
salping/o
combining form of "tube," typically Fallopian or eustachian
93
-arche
suffix for "beginning"
94
-cyesis
suffix for "pregnancy"
95
-gravida
suffix for "pregnant woman"
96
-para
suffix for "to bear (offspring)"
97
menarche
the beginning of menstruation; the first menstruation
98
pseudocyesis
false pregnancy
99
multigravida
a woman who has been pregnant more than once
100
nullipara
a woman who has never produced a viable offspring
101
hemosalpinx
the condition of blood in the fallopian tube
102
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina
103
vaginocele
a vaginal hernia
104
galactopoiesis
the production of milk
105
endometrial
pertaining to the lining of the uterus
106
mastopexy
surgical fixation of the breast
107
metroptosis
prolapse or downward displacement of the uterus
108
oophoroma
an ovarian tumor
109
ovariorrhexis
the rupture of an ovary
110
perineorrhaphy
surgical repair of the perineum
111
salpingoplasty
surgical repair of the fallopian tube
112
-tocia
suffix for "childbirth"
113
dystocia
difficult childbirth
114
-version
suffix for "turning"
115
retroversion
the turning back of an organ
116
ante-
prefix for "before" or "in front of"
117
primi-
prefix for "first"
118
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
119
multipara
a woman who has born more than one child, regardless of whether or not the child was born alive
120
primigravida
a woman during her first pregnancy is often referred to as this
121
obstetrics
the branch of medicine that deals with a woman and her fetus during pregnancy and birth
122
puerperium
the period of adjustment just after birth when the woman's reproductive organs return to their original state (lasts about six to eight weeks)
123
metrorrhagia
irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual cycles
124
menorrhagia
profuse or prolonged bleeding during regular menstruation
125
endometriosis
the presence of functional endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus, sometimes up into the pelvic cavity
126
pelvic inflammatory disease
the general term for inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, or adjacent pelvic structures (typically caused by bacterial infection)
127
septicemia
bacteria in the blood, or "blood poisoning"
128
vaginitis
a bacteria or yeast infection localized to the vagina
129
nulliparous
a woman who has never born a child
130
atresia
congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina
131
choriocarcinoma
malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy
132
dyspareunia
painful intercourse
133
endocervicitis
inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri
134
retroversion
an organ that tips back from its normal position in the body
135
uterine fibroids
benign tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in the uterus
136
abrupto placentae
premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor
137
breech presentation
common abnormality in delivery where the fetal buttocks or feet present before the head
138
Down syndrome
birth defect that occurs when a person has 47 chromasomes instead of 46 (there being an extra copy of chromasome 21)
139
eclampsia
the most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy
140
ectopic pregnancy
pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterine cavity but instead becomes implanted on any other tissue other than the uterine cavity, such as the fallopian tube, ovary, the abdomen, etc
141
placenta previa
obstetric compilation in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal that results in bleeding during labor when the cervix dialates
142
intrauterine device
a small, typically t-shaped device inserted by a physician into the uterus to prevent pregnancy
143
cerclage
suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion
144
colpocleisis
surgical closure of the vaginal canal
145
conization
excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as the mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination
146
cordocentesis
sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance
147
dilation and curettage
widening of the cervical canal with a dilator scraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette
148
laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions of the abdominal wall, usually at the navel
149
lumpectomy
excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the tissue that surrounds it
150
mammoplasty
surgical repair of the breast to change its size, shape, or position
151
mastectomy
excision of an entire breast
152
transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap
surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen, which is then passed under the skin to the breast area, and then shaped into a natural looking breast
153
tubal ligation
procedure that ties (ligates) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy
154
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina with an optical magnifying instrument
155
insufflation
delivery of pressurized gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow for visual examination or extraction
156
pelvimetry
measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis to allow delivery
157
chorionic villus sampling
sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects
158
endometrial biopsy
removal of a sample of the uterine endometrium for microscopic study
159
Papanicolaou (Pap) test
cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained through routine pelvic examination
160
hysterosalpingography
radiography and, usually, fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes following injection of a contrast medium
161
mammography
radiographic examination of the breast for breast cancer
162
oxytocics
used to induce labor at any term by increasing the strength and frequency of uterine contactions
163
prostaglandins
medication used to terminate pregnancy, causes the uterus to contract strongly enough to expel a fetus
