Exam 2 - Chapter 7: Respiratory System (by definition) Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
microscopic hairlike structures in the respiratory system
A
cilia
2
Q
to move or spread out at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external force
A
diffuse
3
Q
moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environment, sometimes called mucosa
A
mucous membrane
4
Q
a wall dividing two cavities
A
septum
5
Q
thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; sometimes called serosa
A
serous membrane
6
Q
receptors for the sense of smell
A
olfactory neurons
7
Q
the throat
A
pharynx
8
Q
one of the three divisions of the pharynx; sits in the posterior of the nose
A
nasopharynx
9
Q
one of the three divisions of the pharynx, sits in the posterior of the mouth
A
oropharynx
10
Q
one of the three divisions of the pharynx, sits just above the larynx
A
laryngopharynx
11
Q
the pharyngeal tonsils
A
adenoids
12
Q
what we commonly know as tonsils; sits in the oropharynx
A
palantine tonsils
13
Q
sometimes called the voice box, contains the structures that make vocal sound possible.
A
larynx
14
Q
leaf-shaped cartilage and flesh portion of the throat that covers the passage to the lungs while swallowing
A
epiglottis
15
Q
the two immediate tubes descending from the trachea and into the lungs
A
bronchi
16
Q
bronchi divide into smaller and smaller tubes, eventually becoming these structures
A
bronchioles
17
Q
tiny air sacs that sit at the end of the bronchioles, expanding and contracting with the flow of air
A
alveoli
18
Q
tiny blood vessels that lie next to the thin tissue membranes of the alveoli
A
pulmonary capillaries
19
Q
the space between the right and left lungs, containing the heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchi
A
mediastinum
20
Q
the serous membrane that covers the lobes of the lungs and folds over to line the walls of the thoracic cavity
A
pleura
21
Q
the serous membrane lying closest to the lungs and organs
A
visceral pleura
22
Q
the serous membrane lining the thoracic cavity
A
parietal pleura
23
Q
a fancy word for “breathing in”
A
inspiration
24
Q
a fancy word for breathing
A
pulmonary ventilation
25
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capilaries
external respiration
26
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between body cells and the blood cells in systematic capiliaries
internal respiration
27
combining form of "nose"
nas/o
28
combining form of "nose"
rhin/o
29
combining form of "septum"
sept/o
30
combining form of "sinus"
sinus/o
31
combining form of "adenoids"
adenoid/o
32
combining form of "tonsils"
tonsill/o
33
combining form of "pharynx"
pharyng/o
34
combining form of "epiglottis"
epiglott/o
35
combining form of "larynx"
laryng/o
36
combining form of "trachea"
trache/o
37
combining form of "bronchi"
bronchi/o
38
combining form of "bronchiole"
bronchiol/o
39
combining form of "alveoli"
alveol/o
40
combining form of "pleura"
pleur/o
41
combining form of "lung"
pneum/o
42
combining form of "lung"
pneumon/o
43
combining form of "lung"
pulmon/o
44
combining form of "coal" and "coal dust"
anthrac/o
45
medical term for "black lung"
anthracosis
46
combining form of "incomplete" or "imperfect"
atel/o
47
collapsed lung
atelectasis
48
combining form of "dust"
coni/o
49
condition of having dust in the lungs
pneumoconiosis
50
combining form of "blue"
cyan/o
51
combining form of "lobe"
lob/o
52
combining form of "straight"
orth/o
53
combining form of "oxygen"
ox/i or ox/o
54
combining form of "chest"
pector/o
55
combining form of "chest"
steth/o
56
combining form of "chest"
thorac/o
57
combining form of "diaphram" though also "mind"
phren/o
58
combining form of "breathe"
spir/o
59
suffix for "carbon dioxide"
-capnia
60
term for excessive or above normal carbon dioxide levels
hypercapnia
61
suffix for "smell"
-osmia
62
condition where a person cannot smell
anosmia
63
suffix for "voice"
-phonia
64
suffix for "breathing"
-pnea
65
suffix for "spitting"
-ptysis
66
term for spitting up blood
hemoptysis
67
suffix for "chest"
-thorax
68
the medical study of disorders of the respiratory system
pulmonology
69
any of a range of disorders that cause obstruction to the air passages
chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders
70
The general classification for any of a range of disorders that cause obstruction to the air passages
COPD
71
inflammation of the bronchi caused mainly by smoking and air pollution, but can be caused by infection
chronic bronchitis
72
condition with decreased elasticity of the alveoli, often causing a characteristic "barrel chested" appearance
emphysema
73
one of three forms of acute respiratory disease; often associated with worldwide epidemics. Extremely contagious
influenza type A
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one of three forms of acute respiratory disease; contagious but often geographically limited
influenza type B
75
one of three forms of acute respiratory disease; very mild and not associated with epidemics
influenza type C
76
Any abnormal amount of fluid in the pleural cavity
pleural effusion
77
one of two types of effusions; a noninflammatory fluid that resembles serum but with less protein that results from an imbalance in venous-arterial pressure
transudate
78
one of two types of effusions; has high protein and commonly contains blood and immune cells; common causes include tumors, infections, and inflammation
exudate
79
surgical puncture of the chest, often used to repair a collapsed lung
thoracocentesis
80
a communicable disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberulosis.
tuberculosis
81
inflammatory nodules that grow as a side effect of tuberculosis infection
tubercles
82
inflammatory disease of the lungs; can come from many different causes
penumonia
83
a hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands that causes the body to secrete extremely thick mucus; clogs ducts of the pancreas and digestive tract, clogs the lungs and sweat glands
cystic fibrosis
84
test given to measure the amount of salt excreted in sweat; used to diagnose cystic fibrosis
sweat test
85
acute respiratory distress syndrome; a condition in which the lungs no longer function effectively because the individual alveoli have filled with fluid
ARDS
86
also called infant respiratory distress syndrome, often seen in children born to diabetic mothers. Occurs when insufficient surfectant, a phospholipid that keeps alveoli open, causing labored breathing and sometimes death
HMD, Hyaline membrane disease
87
cancerous masses forming on the bronchial tree that block air passages
bronchogenic carcinoma
88
condition caused by extreme acidity of body fluids
acidosis
89
absence of the sense of smell
anosmia
90
temporary loss of breathing
apnea
91
condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen
asphyxia
92
collapsed or airless condition of the lung
atelectasis
93
Repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration; first deeply, then shallow
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
94
condition caused by acute inflammation of the membranes in the nose, sometimes called upper respiratory infection
coryza
95
common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages, and lungs
croup
96
nasal hemorrhage, also called a nosebleed
epistaxis
97
enlargement of the terminal phalanges commonly associated with pulmonary disease
finger clubbing
98
oxygen deficiency in arterial blood
hypoxemia
99
oxygen deficiency in body tissues
hypoxia
100
acute infectious disease also called "whooping cough"
pertussis
101
inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or heavy breathing
pleurisy
102
disease caused by inhaling dust particles
pneumoconiosis
103
disease caused by inhaling coal dust particles
anthracosis
104
disease caused by inhaling stone dust particles
chalicosis
105
disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles
asbestosis
106
fluid in the lungs, commonly caused by heart failure
pulmonary adema
107
blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, etc)
pulmonary embolism
108
the abnormal breathing heard through osculation of an obstructed airway
rhonchus
109
high pitched, harsh breathing sound caused by a spasm, swelling of the larynx, or obstruction in the upper airway
stridor
110
lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in a mist form directly to the lungs
aerosol therapy
111
washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material (i.e. a netti pot)
antral lavage
112
noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen. It's the little plastic probe attached to a patient's finger
oximetry
113
test of sleep cycles and stages using continuous recordings of brain waves, eye movement, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, and other methods
polysomnography
114
method of positioning a patient such that gravity aids the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs
postural drainage
115
variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function (running on the treadmill, etc)
pulmonary function tests
116
test to measure the capacity of the lungs, including time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air
spirometry
117
procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway
endotracheal intubation
118
removal of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura
pleurectomy
119
removal of a lung or part of a lung
pneumectomy
120
surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum
septoplasty
121
surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity
thoracentesis
122
surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted
tracheostomy
123
a fancier name for a TB (tuberculosis) test
Mantoux test
124
visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope
bronchoscopy
125
visual examination of the mediastinal structures, inclduing the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes
mediastinoscopy
126
test that measures dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen in arterial blood
ABG (arterial blood gas) test
127
minimally invasive imaging that combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of pulmonary arteries
CTPA
128
minimally invasive imaging that combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of pulmonary arteries
computed tomography pulmonary angiography
129
cough suppressant medicine
antitussives
130
act on the immune system by blocking the production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory actions
corticosteroids
