Flashcards in exsc 460 exam 3 Deck (147)
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1
The posterior surface of the patella is covered by a layer of cartillage approximately how thick?
5mm
2
The anterior surface of the patella is______
convex and rough
3
what's the most important function of the patella?
increases the efficiency of the quadriceps by increasing the lever arm
4
what's the relationship of the patellafemoral articulation?
when the knee is fully extended patellofemoral contact is almost nil and forces are less than body weight
5
maximum patellar tendon tension occurs between _____?
30-60d of knee flexion
this increases the forces at patellofemoral articulation
6
walking on a level surface generates forces at the patellofemoral articulation of _____ of patellar surface
27kg/cm2
7
walking downhill exerts forces of almost ____ times body weight
2
8
walking up stairs generates forces of ____ times body weight
2.5
9
when knees are flexed at 90d with feet dangling, the patella should ______
face forward and very nearly rest on distal end of femur
10
What should you look for when observing thigh posture?
symmetry between legs
any muscular atrophy
11
the angle formed by lines bisecting the neck and shaft of the femur
angle of inclination
12
at birth the angle of inclination is _____
150
13
with ambulation this angle decreases to _____
120-135 with average of 125
14
angle the femoral neck makes with femoral condyles in the frontal plane, or degree of forward projection of femoral neck from frontal plane of shaft
femoral anteversion
15
at birth the angle of femoral anteversion is usually _____
30 to 40 degrees
16
the normal angle of femoral anteversion at adulthood ranges from _______
8-15 degrees
17
a deviation of the lower third of the tibia toward the midline of the body
tibia vara
18
etiology of tibia vara
irregularities of medial epiphyseal plate
retarded unilateral medial epiphyseal plate activity in adolescent cases
19
upon weightbearing, tibia vara looks similar to ______ deformity?
heel valgus
20
what else may accompany tibia vara?
internal tibial torsion and genu recurvatum
21
what is a compensation for tibia vara?
pronation occurs to bring calcaneus vertical to the ground and forefoot in contact with ground
22
treatment for tibia vara?
orthotics
serious epiphyseal plate pathology may require surgical correction
23
deformity consisting of lateral angulation of the knee joint with distal lower leg closer to midline than normal
genu varum
24
etiology of genu varum
sleeping habits
disturbance of epiphysis, tibial plateau fracture
ADL's-squatting
rickets-failure to ossify
congenital
25
when diagnosing genu varum with legs apart, _____
there is greater than a 1 to 2 ratio between the intercondylar space and the intermalleolar space
26
what often accompanies genu varum?
internal tibial torsion
pronation due to natural compensation
27
1st degree genu varum
1-3 inches apart at knee with malleoli touching
28
2nd degree genu varum
3-5 inches apart at knee with malleoli touching
29
3rd degree genu varum
>5 inches apart at knee with malleoli touching
30
