microbio lab final

Question 1

Algae

Answer 1

eukaryotic, protist, simple nonflowering plant of a large group that includes the seaweeds and many single-celled forms. Algae contain chlorophyll but lack true stems, roots, leaves, and vascular tissue.

Question 2

amylase

Answer 2

enzyme which hydrolyzes large starch molecules by breaking the bonds between the constituent glucose molecules.

Question 3

antiseptic

Answer 3

stop the growth of microorganisms but are mild enough to be used on living tissue.

Question 4

aseptic techniques

Answer 4

skills used to prevent contamination of a growing species in a laboratory. example- heating inoculating loop, flaming head of test tube.

Question 5

budding

Answer 5

a type of asexual reproduction. The nucleus divides and forms a daughter cell, eventually breaking away from the parent cell.

Question 6

casein

Answer 6

main protein in milk

Question 7

catalase

Answer 7

enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. Protects the cell from oxidative damage.

Question 8

CFU

Answer 8

colony forming unit. A single bacterium can multiply and divide into a colony of many bacteria.

Question 9

Clone

Answer 9

genetically identical cells

Question 10

coliforms

Answer 10

bacteria found in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. They are facultatively anaerobic, bacillus shaped, gram negative. They ferment lactose to produce gas.

Question 11

colony

Answer 11

a mass group of cells

Question 12

contrast

Answer 12

substances that differ from each other

Question 13

curds

Answer 13

forms when milk sours, used for the basis of cheese.

Question 14

cysts

Answer 14

a closed pouch of tissue containing fluid

Question 15

detritus

Answer 15

waste or debris of any kind

Question 16

dilution blank

Answer 16

same as a diluent, putting the factor into a large solution to dilute it.

Question 17

dimorphic

Answer 17

the existence of two different forms of a species especially in the same population.

Question 18

disinfectant

Answer 18

antimicrobial substances such as bleach and lysol. used to kill or stop the growth of pathogens on inanimate objects.

Question 19

endospore

Answer 19

produced by the cell when its in extreme conditions to protect itself from heat and other harmful things.

Question 20

epidemiology

Answer 20

science that deals with the transmission of disease.

Question 21

eukaryotic

Answer 21

has a nucleus. includes fungi, plants and animals.

Question 22

heterotrophic

Answer 22

An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.

Question 23

hypha

Answer 23

each of the branching filaments that make up the mycelium of a fungus.

Question 24

index case

Answer 24

the original patient that caused the spread of the disease, either genetic or not.

Question 25

magnification

Answer 25

the process of looking at something bigger

Question 26

molds

Answer 26

multicellular fungi

Question 27

mordant

Answer 27

a substance, typically an inorganic oxide, that combines with a dye or stain and thereby fixes it in a material, iodine on gram stain.

Question 28

mutagen

Answer 28

Because UV light causes mutations, it is referred to as a mutagen.

Question 29

mutation

Answer 29

errors in DNA make it so it cannot be used for protein synthesis and cannot be replicated accurately.

Question 30

mycelium

Answer 30

the vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a network of fine white filaments (hyphae)

Question 31

nosocomial infection

Answer 31

infections acquired in hospitals and health care settings.

Question 32

parfocal

Answer 32

refers to objectives that can be changed with minimal or no refocusing.

Question 33

prokaryotic

Answer 33

no nucleus, example: bacteria. single celled, DNA floats freely.

Question 34

protease

Answer 34

enzymes that hydrolyze protein

Question 35

protozoa

Answer 35

any of a diverse group of eukaryotes of the kingdom protista, that are primarily unicellular. Include flagellates, ciliates, sporozoans, amoebas, and foraminifers.

Question 36

puerperal sepsis

Answer 36

childbed fever, it was the infection that was killing women following childbirth.

Question 37

pure culture

Answer 37

all the cells in a colony belong to the same species and strain of bacteria.

Question 38

reservoir

Answer 38

the source of the pathogen, where the microbe was first found, its original home.

Question 39

resolution

Answer 39

the smallest distance between two points on a specimen that can still be distinguished as two separate entities. How much detail you can see. Ability to distinguish detail.

Question 40

serial dilution

Answer 40

involves repeatedly mixing known amounts of source culture with sterilized liquid.

Question 41

spectrum of activity

Answer 41

broad spectrum vs. narrow spectrum. The way to measure how susceptible/resistant a microbe is.

Question 42

Ultraviolet light

Answer 42

light with wavelengths less than that of violet light. Includes electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength between 4 and 400 nm.

Question 43

vector

Answer 43

an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another.

Question 44

Whey

Answer 44

the watery part of milk that remains after the formation of curds.

Question 45

working distance

Answer 45

the distance between the slide and the lens of the microscope.

Question 46

yeasts

Answer 46

a microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and are capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Question 47

zone of inhibition

Answer 47

if the bacteria are inhibited by a certain drug the halo of no growth will appear.