final review

Question 1

the pitch of a person’s voice

Answer 1

depends on the tension of the vocal cords

Question 2

right lung

Answer 2

has a shorter and more vertical main bronchus

Question 3

ureter

Answer 3

capable of peristalsis like that in the GI tract

Question 4

adrenal glands

Answer 4

produce aldosterone

Question 5

phosphate ions

Answer 5

highest in intracellular fluid

Question 6

bicarbonate ions

Answer 6

highest in extracellular fluid

Question 7

proteins

Answer 7

highest in intracellular fluid

Question 8

uncompensated respiratory acidosis

Answer 8

can be due to barbituate overdose
can trigger renal bicarbonate generation

Question 9

pons

Answer 9

thought to be instrumental in the smooth transition from inspiration to expiration
contains PRG

Question 10

cells that produce enamel

Answer 10

degenerate when the tooth erupts, so it fails to heal when decayed

Question 11

the body prevents food from entering during deglutition by

Answer 11

causing the epiglottis to block the trachea
causing the soft palate to rise and close off the nasopharynx

Question 12

intestinal phase

Answer 12

inhibits gastric emptying to prevent overloading the duodenum

Question 13

most important byproduct of the krebs cycle

Answer 13

reduced coenzymes FADH2 and NADH+ H+

Question 14

post-absorptive state

Answer 14

characterized by ketone body formation

Question 15

RBCs

Answer 15

NOT mitotically active

Question 16

IV saline administration

Answer 16

would cause patients hematocrit to drop w/o a reduction in RBC count

Question 17

first step in hemostasis

Answer 17

vasoconstriction

Question 18

thymus

Answer 18

most active during childhood

Question 19

antigen

Answer 19

responsible for determining which cells will eventually become cloned

Question 20

type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 20

can cause immune rejection of a kidney transplant

Question 21

self-tolerance

Answer 21

developed during clonal deletion in the fetus

Question 22

lymphoid tissue

Answer 22

predominantly recticular CT

Question 23

aortic and pulmonary valves

Answer 23

control the flow of blood out of the heart

Question 24

heart muscle cells of the ventricle

Answer 24

have a steady RMP

Question 25

when baroreceptors are stimulated

Answer 25

cardiac output is decreased

Question 26

common carotid artery

Answer 26

flows against gravity

Question 27

arteries

Answer 27

more elastic fibers present in walls of arteries than in veins

Question 28

effects of pregnancy

Answer 28

increased BV increased urine production increased tidal volume increased PTH and Vit. D

Question 29

functions of progesterone

Answer 29

helps prepare uterine lining for implantation of the fertilized egg helps maintain the uterine lining and prevents contractions of the uterine muscles helps prepare mammary glands for milk production via prolactin produced by corpus luteum in response to hcG for first 3 months; after the first 3 months of pregnancy, it is produced in response to the placenta

Question 30

inhalation

Answer 30

decrease in intrapleural pressure becomes more positive

Question 31

exhalation

Answer 31

increase in intrapleural pressure becomes more negative

Question 32

peritubular capillaries

Answer 32

filtration reabsorption

Question 33

H+

Answer 33

filtered reabsorbed secreted

Question 34

Cl-

Answer 34

depends on Na+ during tubular reabsorption in the proximal tubule

Question 35

ejaculatory duct

Answer 35

single unpaired structure of the male reproductive system

Question 36

glomerular filtration

Answer 36

net pressure of 10-20 units

Question 37

lymph

Answer 37

has less plasma proteins than blood plasma

Question 38

pancreas

Answer 38

neutralizes the acidity in small intestine via alkaline pancreatic juice

Question 39

diaphragm

Answer 39

contraction involves increase in volume of the intrapleural cavity vertically relaxation involves decrease in volume of the intrapleural cavity transversely

Question 40

secretion

Answer 40

filtration-reabsorption-elimination

Question 41

sinusoid capillaires

Answer 41

big pores for the transport of RBCs and proteins found in liver, spleen, bone marrow

Question 42

fenestrated capillaries

Answer 42

small pores for the transport of hormones and proteins found in kidneys and intestines

Question 43

continuous capillaries

Answer 43

no pores transport water, ion, and lipid-soluble molecules found in muscle tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue

Question 44

enteric

Answer 44

secretion of digestive enzymes and hormones throughout the alimentary canal

Question 45

myenteric

Answer 45

motility of GI tract

Question 46

spermiogenesis

Answer 46

changes spermatids undergo to become mature sperm (formation of acrosome, development of flagella, and shedding of excess cytoplasm)

Question 47

spermatogenesis

Answer 47

production of sperm cells in seminiferous tubules

Question 48

HP

Answer 48

filtration force greater HP than OP results in fluid out of capillary

Question 49

OP

Answer 49

reabsorption force