GI Flashcards by Colin McDonald

Gardner’s syndrome gene

APC

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Gardner’s syndrome lesions

GI polyps, dental, retinal, desmoid, osteoma, lipoma

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Peutz-Jeghers lesions

GI hamartomas, hyperpigment mouth hands& feet

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Turcot’s lesions

GI polyps, CNS tumors

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duodenal atresia association

down’s(trisomy 21)

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annular pancreas blockage

part 2 duodenum

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hernia medial to inferior epigastric A.

direct inguinal (hesselbach’s triangle, superficial ring only)

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AminoAcid gastrin stimulators

tryptophan, phenylalanine

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CCK cells

I cells(fats/AA)

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secretin releases

bicarb(duodenum)

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VIPoma symptoms

diarrhea, hypoK, achlorhydria

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IF release cells

stomach parietal cells(B12 binding, gastric acid also here)

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Fructose absorption

GLUT-5

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Iron absorption location

duodenum(Fe2+)

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Folate absorption location

jejunum

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B12 absorption location

terminal ileum

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peyer’s patches secrete

IgA

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used to conjugate bilirubin

glucuronic acid(measured direct bilirubin)

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most common parotid tumors

pleomorphic adenoma(benign), warthins(benign cystic), mucoepidermoid(malignant)

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achalasia associations

esophageal SSCarcinoma, chagas disease. (birds beak)

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plummer vinson triad

esophageal webs+glossitis+iron deficiency anemia

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celiac affected locations

distal duodenum/proximal jejunum

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whipples symptoms

cardiac/neuro/arthralgias, foamy macrophages(G+PAS+)

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celiac association

HLA-DQ2/8, dermatitis herpetiformis, anti-gliadin endomysial&tissue transglutaminase

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H pylori affected area

antrum(cancer associated), duodenum(benign)

Gastric cancer metastasis sites

krukenberg(ovary), virchows(Lsupraclavicular node), sister mary joseph(subQ periumbilical)

crohn's pathology

string sign(Xray), skip lesions, rectal sparing, transmural

ulcerative colitis pathology

crypt abscesses, pseudopolyps

McBurney's point

appendix(1/3 of distance from ASIS to umbilicus)

true diverticulum

contains all 3 layers

Meckel's rule

2's- 2in long 2ft from ileocecal, 2% of people, 2yo, 2 types of epithelium(gastric+pancreatic), persistent vitelline duct

hirschprung's association

down syndrome

behcet triad

uveitis, genital ulcers, aphthous ulcers(canker sore)

hairy leukoplakia cause

EBV

duodenal atresia associations

double bubble sign, downs, polyhydramnios

apob-48

chylomicrom

Ulecerative colitis associations

p-ANCA, primary sclerosing cholangitis

smoking in IBD

protective UC, harmful crohns

hirschprung's test

rectal suction biopsy(gets beyond mucosa)

familial adenomatous polyposis gene

APC chromosome 5

adenoma carcinoma sequence

APC then Kras then p53/cyclooxygenase

HNPCC mutation

DNA mismatch repair(ovarian, endometrial, colorectal CA)

CEA testing usage

Tx response, recurrence(NOT screening)

meconium ileus association

cystic fibrosis

peutz jeugers lesions

GI hamartomas, hyperigmented skin(Colorectal CA risk)

turcot lesions

FAP+CNS tumor

carcinoid symptoms

wheezing, right heart murmurs, diarrhea, flushing(from 5HT)

AST vs ALT

ALT=viral, AST=alcohol

hepatocellular carcinoma level

high AFP

hepatocellular carcinoma causes

hep B, C, wilsons, A1AT, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, aspergillis, aflatoxin

angiosarcoma causes

PVC, arsenic

nutmeg liver indicates

right heart failure, budd-chiari(vein occlusion liver)

neonatal jaundice cause

immature UDP-glucuronyl transferase(gilbert=mild, crigler najjar=severe)

A1AT inheritence

codominant

black liver cause

dubin-johnson(liver bilirubin excretion defect-benign)

hemochromatosis triad

cirrhosis, diabetes, skin pigment

hemochromatosis genes

HFE, HLA-A3 association

primary sclerosing cholangitis association

ulcerative colitis, hypergammaglobinemia, ERCP beading

primary biliary cirrhosis labs

high serum mitochondrial antibodies(IgM)

pancreatic cancer labs

(adenocarcinoma)-CA-19-9

H2 blockers

tidines(cimetidene=p450 inhibitor)

proton pump inhibitors

prazoles(increased C Diff risk)

PGE1 abortificant/acid reducer

misoprostol

somatostatin analog

octreotide

bilirubin gall stones cause

infection, extravascular hemolysis

chronic cholecystitis pathology

rokitansky achoff sinus(pockets in wall)

dark urine cause

increased urobilinogen

pregnant fulminent hepatitis cause

Hep E

active hepatitis infection marker

surface antigen(cleared=IgG, infectious=e)

cirrhosis fibrosis cell mediator

stellate(TGF-beta)

mallory bodies contain

intermediate filaments

wilsons disease labs

high urine copper, low ceruloplasmin(Tx-d-penicillamine)

lipid absorption location

jejunum

GI Flashcards

(73 cards)