pathoma

Question 1

SLE nephropathies

Answer 1

diffuse proliferative(nephritic), membronous(nephrotic)

Question 2

Sjogrens pregnancy associations

Answer 2

congenital SLE+heart block

Question 3

aflatoxin cancer

Answer 3

hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 4

arsenic cancer

Answer 4

squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, liver angiosarcoma

Question 5

vinyl chloride cancer

Answer 5

liver angiosarcoma

Question 6

ionizing radiation cancers

Answer 6

papillary carcinoma of thyroid, AML, CML

Question 7

HER2Neu breast cancer Tx

Answer 7

trastuzamab

Question 8

ras cancer

Answer 8

colon carcinoma

Question 9

BRAF cancer

Answer 9

melanoma

Question 10

calcitonin cancer marker for

Answer 10

medullary thyroid carcinoma

Question 11

schistosoma, chlonarchis associated cancers

Answer 11

bladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma

Question 12

chromogranin+ cancers

Answer 12

carcinoid, small cell of lung(neuroendocrine)

Question 13

von willebrand labs, Tx

Answer 13

ristocetin, Vasopressin

Question 14

protein C&S inactivate, deficiency worry

Answer 14

factor V&VIII(coumadin skin necrosis)

Question 15

foot drop, anemia, gingival lines, Tx

Answer 15

Lead poisening, dimercaprol

Question 16

HbH, barts A2, F, S, C

Answer 16

alpha thalassemia(3,4 deletions), beta minor, major(fetal), sickle cell, crystals

Question 17

HbS trait test

Answer 17

metabisulfite screen

Question 18

smudge cells, CD5&CD20

Answer 18

CLL

Question 19

hairy cell Tx

Answer 19

2CDA(adenosine deaminase)

Question 20

high basophil cancer, Tx

Answer 20

CML, imatinib

Question 21

jak2 kinase mutation

Answer 21

polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia

Question 22

bence jones protein in urine, differentiate

Answer 22

multiple myeloma(IgG,A), waldenstroms(IgM)

Question 23

Hepatitis B associated vasculitis, pathology

Answer 23

polyarteritis nodosa, string of pearls transmural fibrinoid necrosis

Question 24

viral-like rash, cervical lymphadenopathy, strawberry tongue in kids

Answer 24

kawasaki, give aspirin

Question 25

wegeners kidney disease

Answer 25

rapidly progressive

Question 26

splitting, normal vs paradoxical vs fixed

Answer 26

splits on inspiration, opposite(LBBB, aortic stenosis), ASD

Question 27

diabetic mother heart defect

Answer 27

transposition of the great vessels

Question 28

centriacinar vs panacinar emphysema

Answer 28

smoking vs a1at

Question 29

homans sign

Answer 29

DVT-calf pain on dorsiflexion

Question 30

pulmonary HTN mutation

Answer 30

BMPR2

Question 31

cyanide Tx

Answer 31

nitrites+thiosulfate(make Fe3+ methemoglobin+bind)

Question 32

squamous vs small cell lung

Answer 32

PTHrP vs ACTH, ADH, lambert eaton

Question 33

peripheral lung cancers

Answer 33

NO smoking

Question 34

non-endodermal abdominal organ, retroperitoneal organs

Answer 34

spleen-mesoderm, pancreas(besides head)/23 duodenum/asc+desc colon

Question 35

gastric vs duodenal ulcer rupture

Answer 35

left gastric vs gastroduodenal bleeds

Question 36

gastric carcinoma signs

Answer 36

lesar-trelat(back skin keratosis), acanthosis nigracans

Question 37

obstructive jaundice w/palpable nontender gall bladder

Answer 37

courvoisier's sign(pancreatic cancer)

Question 38

eosinophilic pyuria disease, causes

Answer 38

interstitial nephritis-NSAIDS(some antibiotics)

Question 39

renal papillary necrosis causes

Answer 39

diabetes, sickle cell, acetominophen, pyelonephritis

Question 40

HIV, heroin, sickle cell nephrotic

Answer 40

focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Question 41

SLE kidneys

Answer 41

membranous(spike and dome), diffuse proliferative

Question 42

HBV,HCV,C3 associated nephrotic

Answer 42

membranoproliferative(type I vs II)

Question 43

main shift K in/out of cell

Answer 43

insulin, b agonists=in, digitalis, acidosis=out

Question 44

salicylate pH dysfunction

Answer 44

early respiratory alkalosis late metabolic acidosis

Question 45

Klinefelters labs

Answer 45

low inhibin=high FSH, low testosterone high LH, estrogen

Question 46

turners labs

Answer 46

low estrogen, high LH+FSH

Question 47

Female hormone/cells effects

Answer 47

LH-theca-androgens, FSH-granulosa-convert to estrogen, residual cells(corpeus luteum)-progesterone

Question 48

PCOS labs, associations

Answer 48

LH:FSH>2, T2DM, endometrial carcinoma

Question 49

LDH vs AFP tumors

Answer 49

dysgerminoma vs endodermal sinus(yolk sac-glomerular)

Question 50

bhcg function

Answer 50

maintain corpus luteum(maintaining progesterone)

Question 51

cryptorchidism labs

Answer 51

low inhibin&testosterone, High FSH&LH

Question 52

green brown nipple discharge

Answer 52

mammary duct ectasia(NOT malignant)

Question 53

estrogen receptor cancer vs her2neu cancer

Answer 53

tamoxifen vs trastuzamab

Question 54

MIF secretion

Answer 54

sertoli cells-decrease with high temp(leydig=testosterone)

Question 55

empty nucleus thyroid cancer

Answer 55

papillary(orphan annie eye), psammoma bodies

Question 56

malignant cells in amyloid stroma

Answer 56

medullary carcinoma(calcitonin from C cells)-MEN2A+2B

Question 57

chvostek&troussou signs

Answer 57

hypoparathyroid-facial contractions, carpal spasms

Question 58

dermato vs polymyositis inflammation

Answer 58

perimysial vs endomysial

Question 59

friedrichs ataxia death

Answer 59

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 60

reportable illness list

Answer 60

salmonella, shigella, HIV, gonorrhea, syphillis, TB, MMR, VZV

Question 61

vaccines w/ egg

Answer 61

MMR, varicella, yellow fever

Question 62

trigeminal neuralgia Tx

Answer 62

carbamazapine

Question 63

claudication Tx

Answer 63

cilastozol

Question 64

epistaxis, telangiectasias, AVM

Answer 64

osler-weber-rendau

Question 65

albino enzyme

Answer 65

tyrosinase

Question 66

dermatophyte Tx

Answer 66

terbinafine-squaline epoxidase, griseofulvin-microtubules

Question 67

CMV Tx

Answer 67

ganciclovir foscarnet cidofovir-DNA polymerase inhibitors

Question 68

navir, tegra, vir in middle

Answer 68

protease inh, integrase inh, NNRTI. Rest=NRTI

Question 69

IFN Tx

Answer 69

alpha-hep B&C, beta=MS, gamma=NADPH ox def