Micro-extra Flashcards by Colin McDonald

gram stain steps, colors

crystal violet, iodine, decolorize(alcohol), safranin. blue-G+(Crystal violet), red-G-(safranin)

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thayer martin

neisseria(VPN antibiotics)

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Green on EMB agar

Ecoli

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bright red pigment gram negative rod

serratia

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salmonella vs. shigella

H2S+, motile

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60S subunit

shigella/EHEC

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salmonella Tx

ciprofloxacin/ceftriaxone

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osteomyelitis bugs

staph, sickle cell-salmonella, diabetes/IVDU-pseudamonas

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adenylate cyclase activators-secrete Cl-&Na+

cholera toxin, ETEC

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common pseudamonas Tx

piperacillin+aminoglycoside(gentamicin)

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pneumonia w/ black pigment on blood agar

bacteroides melaninogenicus

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anaerobic G+ cocci-abcess/pneumonia

peptostreptococcus

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HiB Tx

3rd gen cephalosporin, amoxicillin for otitis media

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H ducreyi Tx

erythromycin/TMPSMZ

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pertussis stages

catarrhal-infectious(1-2wks), paroxysmal-cough, convalescent

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pertussis growth, Tx

Bordet-Gengou(potato, blood, glycerol), erythromycin

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Legionella Tx

erythromycin

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strep Tx

penicillin(besides entero-ampicillin)

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staph Tx

penicillin(sapro), resistant penicillin(aureus), vanco(epi)

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clostridium/bacillus/diptheria general Tx

antitoxin/support, penicillin, cereus-vanco

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most G- rod bug Tx

cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, doxycycline (enteric=metronidazole)

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bipolar staining

yersinia pestis

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buboes, pneumonia, Tx

yersinia pestis or francisella(intracellular). erythromycin

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brucella, pasteurella Tx

doxycyclin+gentamicin, penicillin

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chlamydia Tx

tetracyclines or macrolides

weil-felix

rickettsia(proteus vulgaris antigens)

rickettsia Tx

doxycycline+chloramphenicol

bump then headache then vesicles(&vector)

rickettsia akari-mite

prowasecki vs typhus

epidemic, louse vs endemic, flea

warfare 5 day relapsing fever

bartonella quintana-louse

coxiella unique trait(amongst intracellulars)

endospore

dog tick RMSV like disease

erlichia

spirochete classes

treponema, borrelia, leptospira

cardiosyphillis MOA

destroys vasa vasorum in ascending/aortic arch

spirochete post-antibiotic fever

jarisch-herxheimer-self limiting

borrelia Tx(burgdorgeri&recurrentis)

doxycyline

lesptospira illness

conjuntivitis then fever OR jaundice/renal Fx(weil disease)

no cell wall bacteria/Tx

mycoplasma/ureaplasma(covered in urethritis Tx)-erythromycin/tetracycline

50s vs 30s mneumonic

CLEan TAG(clindamycin/chloramphenicol, linezolid, erythromycin. Tetracycline, AminoGlycosides)

chloramphenicol use

penicillin allergic/resistant unknown meningitis, kids/pregnant RMSF

clindamycin use

anaerobes-GI/Femaile tract

linezolid use

VRE

contraindication of sulfa/TMP drugs

warfarin drug interaction=bleeds

tinea negri fungi

exophiala werneckii

tinea dermatophytes

microsporum, trichophyton, dermatophyton

violet cauliflower like wart lesions

phialophora cladosporium(chromoblastomycosis)

Arizona vs ohio river valley

coccidiodes(crowd) vs histoplasma(hide)&blastomyces(bud)

india ink meningitis

cryptococcus neoformans-pigeon droppings

TB like illness-partial acid fast branching filaments&Tx

nocardia-sulfa/TMP

bullet shaped

rhabdovirus-rabies

nonenveloped RNA viruses

PCR-picorna, calci, reovirus

paramyxovirus diseases

PARAinfluenza+MMRsv

influenza viral type, Tx MOA

orthomyxovius-neuraminadase inhibitors(oselt/zanamivir)

measles bad SE

enchephalitis(rubeola-cough, conjunctivitis coryza)

DNA hepatitis, A class

B(dane particle). A=picorna

HIV 3 main genes+markers

gag-capsid p24, pol-emzymes(including RT), env-envelope-p120/41

HIV tests

ELISA then western blot

viral myocarditis

cocksackie B

metronidazole adverse effect

alcohol-disulfiram like reaction

protozoal meningitis

acanthomoeba(chronic+cysts+cornea) vs naegleria(acute)

AIDS flying saucer on silver stain pneumonia

pneumocystis jirovecii

malaria drugs

chloroquine then mefloquine then quinine then PM

bug w/ borellia in Ixodes tick

babesia microti(maltese cross hemolysis)

amastigote disease/vectors

leischmaniasis-sandfly(ulcers), trypansoma-tsetse/kissing bug(african sleeping sickness&chagas)

intestine+lung nematodes

ascaris lumbricoides, necatur(in through toes), strongyloides(in through skin)-all cause anemia

Tx for all intestinal nematodes&MOA

bendazoles(2nd line pyrantel pamoate)-microtubules

raw pork-skeletal muscle invasion

trichinella spiralis(taenia solium also raw pork-brain cysts)

bullwhip

trichuris trichiura

scotch tape test organism

enterobius vermicularis

arthropod delivered worms

onchocera(black flies-river blindness+lizard skin), wurchereria/brugia malayi(mosquito-elephentiasis), dracunculus(copepods-100cm long to skin)

cutaneous larval migrans

ancylocystoma brazilense/necator/strongyloides

water snail diseases

flukes(trematodes)-schistosoma

itch, fever, fibrosis of organs

schistosoma

cestode/trematode Tx

praziquantel

cestode diagnostics

proglottids

B12 deficiency infection

diphyllobatrum-fish tapeworm

beef tapeworm, smallest tapeworm

taenia saginata, hymenolepsis nana

hydatid cyst worm, Tx

echinococcus-CAREFUL removal(severe rxn to contents)

Micro-extra Flashcards

(78 cards)