GI viruses

Question 1

What virus family does polio virus belong to?

Answer 1

Picornaviridae

Question 2

What is the polio virus genome?

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

What is the transmission for polio virus?

Answer 3

Fecal-oral

Question 4

Which polio vaccine does not have a risk for VAPP?

Answer 4

Inactivated

Question 5

What are features of the live attenuated polio vaccine?

Answer 5

1. Trivalent 2. Replicates in GI tract 3. Shed in stool for 6 weeks following inoculation 4. 1/2mil vaccine doses revert to VAPP

Question 6

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of setting?

Answer 6

Viral gastroenteritis can occur in both developed and developing countries

Question 7

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of vomiting?

Answer 7

Prominent - can be only disttinguishing feature especially in children

Question 8

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of diarrhea?

Answer 8

Common - non-bloody in almost all cases

Question 9

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of diagnosis?

Answer 9

Often a diagnosis of exclusion

Question 10

Rotavirus is most severe for what age group?

Answer 10

3-24 months

Question 11

What is the genome for rotavirus?

Answer 11

dsDNA, segmented

Question 12

What is the clinical presentation for rotavirus?

Answer 12

1. 1-3d incubation 2. Vomiting and diarrhea for 4-7d, occasional cough 3. 33% of patients have fever >102F 4. Typically infects 3-25mo patients 4. Malabsorptive diarrhea

Question 13

What is the pathogenesis for rotavirus?

Answer 13

1.

Question 14

What does the rotavirus NSP4 toxin do?

Answer 14

Induces calcium release

Question 15

Which rotavirus toxin induces calcium release?

Answer 15

NSP4

Question 16

What is the diagnosis for rotavirus?

Answer 16

1. EIA - looking for Abs to virus 2. EM, rtPCR

Question 17

What are the rotavirus vaccines?

Answer 17

1. Rotateq 2. Rotatrix

Question 18

What does the Rotateq vaccine protect against?

Answer 18

G1-G4, G9

Question 19

How is the Rotateq vaccine made?

Answer 19

Reassortment between human and bovine rotaviruses

Question 20

How is the Rotatrix vaccine made?

Answer 20

Live attenuated strain of human rotavirus G8

Question 21

What age is recommended for the rotavirus vaccine?

Answer 21

Before 12 weeks

Question 22

What are the clinical symptoms of norovirus?

Answer 22

1. Incubation 24-48h 2. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea for 24-60h 3. 50% have low grade fever 4. Affects all age groups 5. Pathology similar to rotavirus

Question 23

What virus family does norovirus belong to?

Answer 23

Caliciviridae

Question 24

What is the norovirus genome?

Answer 24

+ssRNA

Question 25

What is the transmission for norovirus?

Answer 25

Fecal-oral

Question 26

What is the virulence for norovirus?

Answer 26

As few as 100 virions can infect

Question 27

What is the genome for adenovirus?

Answer 27

dsDNA, naked capsid

Question 28

Which adenovirus serotypes cause GI disease?

Answer 28

40 and 41

Question 29

What are the clinical manifestations for adenovirus gastroenteritis?

Answer 29

1. 8-10d incubation 2. May have fever and vomiting 3. Watery, non-bloody diarrhea 7-8d 4. No seasonal variation 5. Primarily in children

Question 30

What is the diagnosis for GI adenoviruses?

Answer 30

Looking for antigens to adenovirus in stool sample

Question 31

What is the astrovirus genome?

Answer 31

+ssRNA