Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

High School Anatomy > Heart Test > Flashcards

Heart Test Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the heart?

A

Route blood, generate blood pressure, ensure one way blood flow, and regulate blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does blood flow?

A

Vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, bicuspid, left ventricle, aortic semilunar, aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pulmonary circuit?

A

Heart to lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the systemic circuit?

A

Heart to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which circuit pumps blood from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two types of circuits?

A

Pulmonary and systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What ions are involved in action potentials of the heart?

A

Na+, Ca+2, and K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What new ion is involved in cardia action potentials?

A

Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three phases of cardiac action potentials?

A

Depolarization, plateau, and repolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which channel is open during the depolarization phase?

A

Na+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What channel is open in the plateau phase?

A

Ca+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What channel is open in the repolarization phase?

A

K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the path of an action potential through the heart?

A

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, purkinji fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

The SA node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does an EKG measure?

A

Action potentials in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the cardiac cycle?

A

The process of the heart contracting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is atrial systole?

A

Contraction of the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is atrial diastole?

A

The relaxation of the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is ventricular systole?

A

The contraction of ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is ventricular diastole?

A

The relaxation of ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two types of systole/diastole?

A

Atrial and ventricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The volume of blood pumped per ventricle with each heart contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

The volume of blood pumped by either ventricle each minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is heart rate?

A

The number of contractions per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What can influence heart rate regulation?
Emotional and physical stressors, hormones, and ions
26
What are some different homeostatic imbalances that can affect cardiac output?
Coronary artheroscler, multiple MI, and displayed cardiomyopathy
27
What does an artery do?
Carries blood away from the heart
28
What does a vein do?
Carry blood to the heart
29
What are the tunics of vessels?
Tunica intima, media, and externa
30
What does tunica intima have?
Squamous tissue
31
What makes up tunica media?
Smooth muscle
32
What does tunica externa have?
Colleges fibers
33
What does vascular anastomoses mean?
Vessels coming together
34
What does tissue perfusion describe?
The blood flowing to organs
35
What are the different kinds of circulatory shock?
Hypovolemic, vascular, and carcinogenic
36
What are the types of vascular circulatory shock?
Anaphylactic, neurogenic, and septic
37
What does the top BP number represent?
Systolic
38
What does the bottom BP number represent?
Diastolic
39
What is the normal blood pressure?
120/80
40
What happens when the bicuspid valve is open?
The aortic semilunar valve is closed, tension on chordae tendonae is low, and blood flows from LA to LV
41
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Right and left atriums, right and left ventricles
42
What are the four valves of the heart?
Tricuspid, bicuspid, pulmonary semilunar, and aortic semilunar
43
How big is the heart?
Slightly larger than a closed fist and less than a pound
44
Where is the heart located?
In the mediastinum between the 2nd and 5th intercostal spaces
45
What is the orientation of the heart?
The apex is inferior and the heart as a whole is situated left and anterior
46
What are the characteristics of cardiac muscle?
Striated, branched, uni-nucleated, and involuntary
47
Why does cardiac muscle have gap junctions?
To reduce electrical resistance between cells, allow action potentials to pass easily, and allow nearly unison contraction of cells
48
What reduces electrical resistance between cells?
Gap junctions
49
What is the pericardium?
The double-layered closed sac around the heart
50
What is the double-layered closed sac surrounding the heart called?
The pericardium
51
What is the parietal pericardium?
The outside layer
52
What is the outside layer of the coverings of the heart called?
Parietal pericardium
53
What does the visceral pericardium do?
It covers the heart's surface
54
What covers the hearts surface?
Visceral pericardium
55
What are the two layers of the pericardium?
Parietal and visceral
56
What are the three layers of the heart?
Epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
57
What is the epicardium?
It's the membrane forming the outer surface of the heart
58
What is the epicardium made out of?
Simple squamous over fat and connective tissues
59
What is the myocardium?
The thick middle layer of the heart
60
What is the endocardium?
The inner layer of the heart
61
What allows the heart to contract?
The myocardium
62
Describe the myocardium
It's the thick middle layer of the heart that allows the heart to contract
63
Describe the endocardium
It's the inner surface of the heart chambers
64
What's the inner surface of the heart chambers?
The endocardium
65
What allows blood to flow easily in the heart?
The endocardium
66
What does the endocardium do?
It allows blood to flow easily through the heart and covers the inner surface of the heart chambers
67
What is the relationship between blood flow and resistance?
Resistance opposes blood flow and causes friction

High School Anatomy (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions