Hemedeck_14325469 Flashcards
(228 cards)
1
Q
3 main sites of hematopoesis during conception and early fetal months
A
yolk sac, liver, spleen
2
Q
Adult Bones Hematopoesis, acrynom
A
SSPRVSkull, SternumPelvis, Ribs, Vertebrae
3
Q
Heme needs these two things
A
iron and protoporhyrin
4
Q
Protein that transports Fe
A
transferrin
5
Q
Major storage form of iron
A
Ferritin
6
Q
Long term storage of insoluble Fe
A
Hemosiderin
7
Q
Enzyme def w/build up of heme precursors is called
A
porhyrias
8
Q
While in the DELTA, POR UR COP PRONTO a cup of HEME
A
Heme Precursors
9
Q
Hmg F % in newborns versus adults
A
newborn 60-90adults 1
10
Q
Hmg A in adultsversus newborns
A
adults 97newborns 10-40
11
Q
Hmg A2 in both adults and newborns
A
2%
12
Q
Gower I/II, Portland Hmg in…
A
embryonic
13
Q
In Hmg oxy diss curve, oxygen is released or not released in a shift to the left
A
not releasedNo, won’t let go
14
Q
In Hmg oxy diss curve, oxygen is released or not released in a shift to the right
A
releasedwon’t hold tight
15
Q
To determine Hmg, the oxidation of hmg to methmg is done with these two reagents
A
KCN and KFerricyanide
16
Q
HCT % NVMale Female
A
Male 47 +-5Female 42 +-5
17
Q
Diluent used for WBC/PLT CT
A
1% Ammonium Oxalate
18
Q
Calculation of cell ctsvolume cal by
A
cells x 1/vol x DFvol: 1mmx1mmx0.1mm x #squares
19
Q
MCV formula
A
HCT/RBC x 10
20
Q
MCV NV
A
80-100fL
21
Q
MCH formula
A
HGB/RBC x 10
22
Q
MCH NV
A
28-32pg
23
Q
MCHC formula
A
HGB/HCT x 100
24
Q
MCHC NV
A
32-36 g/dL
25
RDW-CW formula
SDx100/Mean
26
RDW NV
11.5-14.5%
27
.
.
28
RBC reffemalemale
female 3.8-5.2male 4.5-6.1
29
Seg ref
45-70
30
Lymp ref
20-40
31
mono ref
3-10
32
baso
0-2
33
eos
0-3
34
plt ref
150-400
35
Romanowsky stain also called
Wright stain
36
4 things in wrights stain
methanol, phosphate buffer, eosin, methylene blue
37
Calculation of absolute values
Relative% x total cell ct
38
TB, Syphilis, Malignancies associated with what kind of cell
monocytes
39
Hypersegmented neutrophils ass with
megaloblastic anemia
40
Hyposegmented neu ass with
pelger huet
41
bacterial infections, burns, chemo ass with what 2 white cell morphologies
toxic granulation and vaculoles
42
Bacterial infections, burns, and May Hegglin ass with what white cell morph
Dohle bodies
43
Varient lymphs ass with
IM, viral infections
44
WBC correct calculation for NRBCS
wbc x100/100 + nrbcs
45
Abetalipoproteinemia and severe liver disease ass with what rbc shape
acanthocyte
46
uremia and artifacts cause what kind of rbc shape
echinocyte, burr
47
DIC causes what rbc shape
shisto
48
HJ bodies composed of
DNA
49
Baso stip composed of
RNA
50
Pappenheimber bodies made of
Iron
51
Heinz bodies made of
denatured precipitated hemoglobin
52
cabot ring made of
left over mitotic spindle
53
Which rbc inclusion is not seen with wright stain
Heinz bodies
54
Heinz bodies ass with what deficiency
G6PD
55
Kind of rbc inclusion with thall and lead
baso stip
56
Rule of 3
RBC x 3=Hmgx3=Hct
57
Increased MCV/MCHC and decreased RBC are ass with
cold agg disease
58
What replaces glutamic acid in the 6th position of the beta chain in Hmg C
Lysine
59
What replaces glutamic acid in the 6th position of the beta chain in Hmg S
Valine
60
Hmg A chains
2 alpha2 beta
61
Hmg A2 chains
2 alpha2 delta
62
Hmg F chains
2 alpha2 gamma
63
Order from fastest to slowest in cellulose acetate
A, F, S, A2/C
64
Two reagents usedin solubility test of Hmg S
saponin and sodium dithionite
65
ESR Female
0-20mm
66
ESR male
0-15mm
67
ESR show increase in these two plasma proteins
fibrinogen and globulin
68
2 Factors that increase ESR
tilting, increase temp
69
3 factors that decrease ESR
decrease temp, old, excess EDTA
70
supravital Stain for retic ct
new methylene blue
71
Retic ct monitors
etrythropoiesis
72
Retic ct % calculation
retics/10
73
Absolute retic
RBCs x retic%
74
corrected retic ct (corrects for HCT)
retic % x PT HCT/45
75
retic ref
0.5-1.5%
76
RPI
corrected retic/maturation time of 2
77
M:E ratio
3:1-4:1
78
Stain for bone marrow
romanowsky
79
Cellulose acetate ph8.6, anode/slowest to fastest
-C/A2, S, F, A+
80
Cellulose acetate ph8.6, cathode/fastest to slowest
+A, F, S, C/A2-
81
.
.
82
Citrate agar ph6.2 cathod to anode
+C,S,A,F-
83
Hmg D seen in what race, migrates with
East indian, S
84
Hmg E seen with what race, migrates with
Southeast asian, C
85
Hmg G seen with what race, migrates with
African, S
86
Reducing agent in Sickle Dex
sodium di-thionite
87
What confirms s positive sickle screen
hmg electrophoresis
88
Which electrophoresis separates S
citrate agar ph6.2
89
Lead and Thall trait are what kind of anemias
microcytic/hypochromic
90
IDA and Chronic dis/infla what kind of anemia
micro/hypo
91
In IDA, all Iron studies are low except for
TIBC
92
Three causes of macrocytic anemia
B12 def, folate def, liver disease/alcholism
93
What does G6PD have that PK doesn't
Heinz bodies
94
.
.
95
G6PD def and HbH uses this stain/prep
Heinz body prep
96
Test for PCH, IgG, Anti-P Biphasic
Donath Landsteiner TEst
97
Condition with large Azurophilic granules, mucooplysaccharies (Hunter, Hurler)
Alder Reily
98
Condition with large lysosomes/fushion of primary granules
Chediak-Higashi
99
Condition with large PLTs, decreased PLTS, Dohle bodies in seg/mono/lymph
MayHegglin
100
Condition with hyposegmented polys
PelgerHuet
101
Dry tap is seen in which condition
primary myelofibrosis
102
Decreased LAP, Ph chromosome in what condition
CML
103
JAK2 seen in what condition
Polycythemia Vera
104
Which reaction has toxic granules and Dohle bodies
Leukemoid
105
WHO acute leukemia how many blasts in BM
>20%
106
Leukemia seen with soccer ball nucleus
CLL
107
Lymphoma associated with EBV, HIV
Burkitt
108
Lymphoma associated with Reed Sternberg cell
Hodgkin
109
Myeloma with bone involvement, IgG and Bence Jones in urine
Multiple myeloma
110
Condition with IgM, increased serum viscosity and normal bone
Waldenstrom
111
Prussion blue stains
iron
112
LAP in CML
decreased
113
LAP in Leukamoid rxn
increased
114
TRAP tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase for what condition
Hairy cell leukemia
115
Auer rods in
AMLacute myeloid leukemia
116
BM macrophages have wrinkled/striated cyto with accumulation of glucocerebrosidease
Gaucher
117
BM macrophages w/globular or foamy cyto, sea-blue histiocytes with sphingomyelinase
Niemann-Pick
118
Stain for AML, myelogenous cells for nonspecific/specific granules
Sudan black B
119
Stain for glycogen deposits in liver, fungi, and blasts in ALL
PASperiodic acid-Schiff
120
What is added to stabilize WBC when there's smudge cells causing WBC cts to not match
22% bovine albumin
121
DF of PLT CT with sodium citrate
1.1
122
Which inclusion isn't stained with WRights
Heinz bodies, uses NMB
123
Peroxidase stains which cell lines...excluding...
myelos, monosexcluding lymphs
124
NASDA/Naf used for which leukemia
AMML
125
PAS pos in
ALL
126
TRAP pos for whic leukemia
hairy cell
127
Two names for NRBCs
metarubricyteorthochromic normoblast
128
Two names for retic
reticulocytepolychromatophilic erythrocyte
129
1.)Rubriblast2.)Pro-rubricyte3.)Rubricyte4.)Meta-rubricyte5.)Reticulocyte6.)RBC
1.)Pro-2.)Basophilic-3.)Polychromatophilic-4.)Orthochromic- -normoblast5.)Polychromatophillic erythrocyte6.)RBC
130
Male Hmg
14-18
131
female hmg
12-15
132
neonate hmg
19
133
toddler hmg
11-13
134
IDAiron, ferritin...TIBC/transferrin...
iron lowferritin lowTIBC/transferin high
135
Anemia of chroniciron, TIBC...ferritin...
iron/TIBC lowferritin high
136
2 names for target
codocyte, leptocyte
137
Target, baso stip, tears in
thallasemia
138
sugar water test, sucrose hemolysis, and acidified serum test associated with
PCH
139
Smudge cells seen in which leukemia
CLL
140
increased sml, mature lymphs and smudge what leukemia
CLL
141
Condition with giant, bizarre PLTs, NRBCs, teardrop, pancytopenia
myelofibrosis
142
Condition thats a subtype of AML, PLTs and WBC decreased
erythroleukemia
143
Sydrome where decrease in alpha granules and there is a release in proteins that cause myelofibrosis
gray PLT syndrome
144
Factor 12 actived by
subendothelium
145
Vik K dependent factors and what group
2,7,9,10 Prothrombin
146
Factors in fibrinogen group
158-13
147
Factors in contact group
11,12PK,HMWK
148
Serine proteases
2,7 9,10,11,12
149
70% of PLTs are in...30% PLTs are in...
70 % blood30 % in spleen
150
Adhesion requires what factor
VWF
151
What stimulates PLT change in shape
ADP
152
What links the PLTs together after being stimulated by ADP
fibrinogen
153
What inhibits active plasmin
alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor
154
Action of plasmin on fibrin
cleaves fibrin into X, Y, D, E fragments
155
3 clot busters
streptkinaseurokinaseTPA
156
WB:anticoag ratio
9:1
157
Screen for extrinsic/common, monifors oral anticoag like warfarin/coumarin
PT
158
PT ref, INR ref goal
<13 secINR. 2.0-3.5
159
Screen for intrinsic,commonmonitors heparin
APTT
160
APTT ref range
20-40sec
161
Fibrinogen factor and ref range
Factor 1200-400 mg/dL
162
Coag test that doesn't measure intrinsic/extrinsic but is affected by decreased fibrinogen levels and heparin
TT
163
TT ref
<20sec
164
Coag test that measures PLT fnc/#s
BT
165
PFA measures PLT fnc with theses three aggregating agents
collagen, ADP, epi
166
Rapid dissolution of clot indicates increased fibrinolytic activity in this condition
DIC
167
No clot retration indicates
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
168
Aspirin inhibits 2ndary wave of aggregation by destroying....
cyclooxygenase
169
Two adhesion disorders that have abnormal ristocetin agg
BSvWD
170
BS is differentiated from vWD by these two things related to PLTs
BS has decreased PLTS and giant PLTSD
171
PLT disorder with normal PLT #/morph but abnormal aggregation and abnormal with all aggregating agents
Glanzmann
172
DRVVT activates factor... and is prolonged in presence of this anticoagluant
Factor 10Lupus anticoag
173
Assay that monitors LMWH
anti-factor 10a
174
Test similar to TT, uses snke venom enzyme,and is not inhibited by heparin
Reptilase time
175
Repitilase time ref
18-22sec
176
Another name for primary myelofibrosis
myeloid metaplasia
177
Myeloid metaplasia can have increased... and thus have...
increased uric acid and have gout
178
BM condition where theres increased plasma cells, marked roleaux, and relative/absolute lymphocytosis
WMWaldenstroms macrobulemia
179
Kind of leukemia with B cell neoplasms, increase in small/mature lymphs, and smudge cells
CLLchronic lymphocytic leukemia
180
Leukemia with no peroxidase activity and positive PAS
ALL
181
Leukemia with increased baso/eos in early stages
CML
182
Xa-Vaphospholipid-Ca complex is called what
prothrombinase complex
183
What cleaves fibrin into soluble fragments X/Y,D/E
plasmin
184
Which protein inhibitor inactivates/degrades F5,8?
Protein C
185
Which protein is a cofactor and accelerates Protein C
Protein S
186
Which factors are inactivated by Protein C
Factor 5,8
187
Which protein is the primary inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system and inhibits plasmin
alpha 2 antiplasmin
188
What is the principal inhibitor that neuralizes thrombin, F10, and all serine proteases?
antithrombin III
189
Most frequently acquired inherited inhibitor leading to factor deficiency?
anti-8APTT mixing study to testusually w/Hem A/B therapy
190
Which inhibitor inactivates coag factors thru phospholipids
lupus like anticoaglupus anticoagprolong APTT, no factor def or bleeding
191
What is the cause of 25yr old male who has a normal PT and INR, but an increased APTT thats not corrected by a mixing study
circulating anticoagulant possibly lupus anticoag
192
Most common inherited bleeding disorder with decreased F9/vWF, prolonged APTT, and normal PLT CT
vWDissue isn't with number of PLT but can't adhere to collagen
193
DDAVP and cryo used to treat
vWD
194
Trauma, prego issues, liver disease/hepatitis, cancer/leukemia, sepsis, drugs all can cause
DIC
195
PT/INR, PTT, D-dimer all increased and fibrinogen decreased in
DIC
196
PT/INR, PTT slight increase with slight decrease in fibrinogen is
liver disease
197
2 labile coag factors
5,8
198
Coag factors most indicative of severve liver disease
1,5
199
plasma fibrinogen nv
300-400mg/dl
200
Xmas factor
9IX
201
hereditary condition with decreased PLT production and Dohle bodies
May Hegglin anomaly
202
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura has less PLTs due to...
PLT destruction
203
VWD, Glanzmann, aspirin all have what kind of PLT counts
normal
204
BS has what kind of PLT CT
decreased
205
vWD and BS are what kind of PLT issue
adhesion
206
Glanzmann and aspirin cause what kind of PLT issue
aggregation
207
Condition with abnormal secondary agg
Wiskott-Aldrich
208
F7 def test
PT, extrinsic
209
What tests 1,2,5,8,9,10,11,12
APTT
210
Test monitors heparin, FSP, fibrinogen issues
TT
211
Hemo associated w/F11 and Jews
Hemo C
212
Hemo ass. w/8, men
Hemo A
213
Hemo ass. w/9, men
Hemo B
214
Factor def detected with 5M urea test
F13
215
Most common specific factor inhibitor, APTT mixing studies
F8 inhibitor
216
Mutant Factor V, resists action of protein c/s
factor v leiden
217
drug that blocks ADP receptor(P2Y12)
PlavixClopidogrel
218
Drug that inhibits VitK, monitored w/PT/INR
Wafarin
219
Drug that inhibits serine protease via AT, monitored with APTT
Heparin unfractionated
220
Drug that targets F10a, doesn't require monitoring
LMWH
221
Chains in Gower 1
2 zeta, 2 epsilon
222
Chain in Gower 2
2 alpha, 2 epsilon
223
Portland chains
2 zeta, 2 gamma
224
RBC count calc if 5 squares
RBCxDF/0.02
225
Volume of single RBC square
0.04
226
Total volume of 5 RBC squares
0.2
227
Depth of hemocytometer
0.1
228
4 things affect hmg
LipemicIctericHigh WBC Lyse resistant hmg SS, CC
