HIV

Question 1

Oval yeast cells within macrophages

Answer 1

Histo

Question 2

Binds to CD4+ T cell

Answer 2

gp120

Question 3

Low-grade fever + hepatsplenomegaly + cough + tongue ulcer

Answer 3

Histo

Question 3

Answer 3

Bacillary angiomatosis

Question 4

3 ways to diagnose AIDS

Answer 4

1. CD4 < 200
2. CD4 < 14%
3. AIDS-defining lesion (ex. PCP)

Question 5

How could one have a slower course of HIV infection?

Answer 5

Heterozygous CCR5 mutation

Question 6

HPV

Answer 6

Squamous cell carcinoma of anus (MSM) or cervix

Question 6

CD4+ < 50

Answer 6

MAC

Cryptococcus meningitits

CMV retinitis

Question 7

When do ELISA and Western blot provide a particularly high false negative rate for HIV?

Answer 7

First 1-2 months

Question 7

Answer 7

Possibly non-Hodgkins lymphoma (large cell type) in AIDS patients; EBV

Question 8

Pneumonia in AIDS patient with ground glass appearance on CXR

Answer 8

PCP

Question 9

Cotton wool spots

Answer 9

CMV

Question 9

Where does non-Hodgkin lymphoma in AIDS patient typically present?

Answer 9

Oropharynx

Question 10

CMV

Answer 10

Retinitis

Esophagitis

Interstitial pneumonia

Question 11

What does HIV bind to on CD4+ T cells?

Answer 11

CCR5 early or CXCR4 late + CD4

Question 12

Fusion

Answer 12

gp41

Question 13

Which structural protein of HIV is cleaved into two fragments?

Answer 13

env –> gp120 and gp41

Question 14

Matrix protein

Answer 14

p17

Question 15

Ring-enhancing abscesses in brain

Answer 15

Toxoplasmosis

Question 16

Function of gp41

Answer 16

Fusion and entry

Question 17

Retinitis

Answer 17

CMV

Question 18

Answer 18

Toxoplasmosis or primary CNS lymphoma

(multiple ring-enhancing lesions in AIDS patient brain)

Question 19

AIDS patient with superficial vascular proliferation, biopsy shows lymphocytes

Answer 19

Kaposi sarcoma (HHV8)

Question 21

What does HIV bind to on macrophages?

Answer 21

CCR5 + CD4

Question 23

Function of p24?

Answer 23

Caspid protein

Question 24

gag

Answer 24

p24 = caspid protein

Question 25

Squamous cell carcinoma in AIDS patient

Answer 25

HPV

Question 26

Function of gp120

Answer 26

Binds CD4+ T cell

Question 26

Which two cell types does HIV bind?

Answer 26

CD4+ T cells and macrophages

Question 27

Lateral tongue plaque

Answer 27

Hairy leukoplakia (EBV)

Question 28

EBV

Answer 28

Hairy leukoplakia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (large cell type), Primary CNS lymphoma

Question 29

How could one be immune to HIV?

Answer 29

Homozyogus CCR5 mutation (HIV can't bind macrophage or T cell)

Question 30

Encephalitis

Answer 30

JCV/PML

Question 32

Answer 32

Kaposi sarcoma (HHV8)

Question 33

Fever, chills, night sweats in an AIDS patient

Answer 33

MAC

Question 34

Pleuritic pain with hemoptysis and infiltrates on CXR

Answer 34

Invasive Aspergillosis (remember it likes to invade vessels = hemoptysis)

Question 36

AIDS patient with superficial vascular proliferation, biopsy shows PMNs

Answer 36

Bartonella henslae (bacillary angiomatosis)

Question 37

Waldeyer ring

Answer 37

Lymphoid tissue in oropharynx; location of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in AIDS patients

Question 38

Demyelination

Answer 38

JCV/PML

Question 39

Meningitis

Answer 39

Cryptococcus

Question 41

Answer 41

Hairy leukoplakia (EBV)

Question 42

How is HIV diagnosed?

Answer 42

Presumptive diagnosis with ELISA (high false +; rule out) Confirmed with Western blot (high false -; rule in)

Question 43

Retinitis + esophagitis

Answer 43

CMV

Question 44

Which disease is a direct effect of HIV?

Answer 44

Dementia

Question 45

Why would an ELISA or Western blot have a high false + rate in babies born to infected mothers?

Answer 45

They detect antibodies and anti-gp120 antibodies cross the placenta

Question 46

Interstitial pneumonia

Answer 46

CMV

Question 47

pol

Answer 47

Aspartate protease, reverse transcriptase, integrase

Question 48

3 structural genes of HIV

Answer 48

pol gag env

Question 49

p17

Answer 49

Matrix protein

Question 50

Caspid protein

Answer 50

p24

Question 51

Ring enhancing lesion in AIDS brain

Answer 51

Toxoplasmosis abscess Primary CNS lymphoma (EBV)